Influence of the composition and high shear stresses on the structure and properties of hybrid materials based on starch and synthetic copolymer

Plant and Biomass Extraction and Valorisation under Hydrodynamic Cavitation

“…In such high-intensity separation regions, cavitation bubbles were produced as the pressures decreased under the saturated vapour pressure [51]. The microorganisms rupture under shear forces with the powerful turbulence flow [57]. The treatment rate using this RSD is extremely higher and the cost is relatively reasonable compared with previous HCRs studies [51].…”

“…Moreover, they run into frequent clogging problems, resulting in profit loss, when treating solid-liquid mixtures. Rotary equipment and dynamic cavitational elements were developed with the aim of overcoming these problems and generating HC with less energy input [25,43,44,[50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. An example of this can be found in the rotor-stator device (RSD), which was developed by the University of Ljubljana.…”

“…Rotor-stator homogenisers, which are characterised by their greatly localised energy dissipation, are extensively applied for reducing the size of dispersed phases and reactive mixing [57,81]. One advantage of the RSD is that one may easily realize the scale-up, meanwhile avoiding the orifices blockage with particles or viscous components occurred in traditional OP-HCRs.…”

“…The mechanical processing of materials in the liquid-phase, such as the breakage of nanoparticle clusters, microorganism cell disruption, and the emulsification of immiscible mixtures with RSD, can be attached to the combined HC effects in narrow gaps between rotor and stator [52]. Micro-turbulence induced by HC significantly intensifies the mass transfer in heterogeneous system and enlarges contacts among substrates and media [54,57]. The physical and chemical mechanisms of rotor-stator mixers can be explained in terms of the breakage of nanoparticle clusters, microorganism cell disruption and the emulsification of immiscible mixtures.…”

“…In such high-intensity separation regions, cavitation bubbles were produced as the pressures decreased under the saturated vapour pressure [51]. The microorganisms rupture under shear forces with the powerful turbulence flow [57]. The strong shock waves at high hydrostatic pressures induce extraordinary release of intracellular components [50], and the coagulation of cytoplasmic matter in the liquid [83].…”