Influence of test size, water depth, and ecology on Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, δ18O and δ13C in nine modern species of planktic foraminifers

Friedrich, Oliver; Schiebel, Ralf; Wilson, Paul A.; Weldeab, Syee; Beer, Christopher J; Cooper, Matthew J.; Fiebig, Jens

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.12.002

Cited by 118 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…However, as we were limited by the amount of foraminiferal tests within the net samples for the measurements, we had to enlarge the size fraction. Studies have shown that there might be a size-related control on the incorporation of Mg into the foraminiferal shell with decreasing Mg/Ca values with increasing size possibly due to the additional formation of gametogenic calcite (Elderfield et al, 2002;Ni et al, 2007;Friedrich et al, 2012). However, it was also shown that the amount of gametogenic calcite was constant (ca.…”

Section: Foraminiferal Apparent Calcification Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining foraminiferal calcification depths in the western Pacific warm pool

Rippert

Nürnberg

Raddatz

et al. 2016

Marine Micropaleontology

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Insight into past changes of upper ocean stratification, circulation, and nutrient signatures rely on our knowledge of the apparent calcification depth (ACD) and ecology of planktonic foraminifera, which serve as archives for paleoceanographic relevant geochemical signals. The ACD of different species varies strongly between ocean basins, but also regionally. We constrained foraminiferal ACDs in the Western Pacific Warm Pool (Manihiki Plateau) by comparing stable oxygen and carbon isotopes (δ 18 O calite , δ 13 C calcite ) as well as Mg/Ca ratios from living planktonic foraminifera to in-situ physical and chemical water mass properties (temperature, salinity, δ 18 O seawater , δ 13 C DIC ). Our analyses point to Globigerinoides ruber as the shallowest dweller, followed by Globigerinoides sacculifer, Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, Pulleniatina obliquiloculata and Globorotaloides hexagonus inhabiting increasing greater depths. These findings are consistent with other ocean basins; however, absolute ACDs differ from other studies. The uppermost mixed-layer species G. ruber and G. sacculifer denote mean calcification depths of~95 m and~120 m, respectively. These Western Pacific ACDs are much deeper than in most other studies and most likely relate to the thick surface mixed layer and the deep chlorophyll maximum in this region. Our results indicate that N. dutertrei appears to be influenced by mixing waters from the Pacific equatorial divergence, while P. obliquiloculata with an ACD of~160 m is more suitable for thermocline reconstructions. ACDs of G. hexagonus reveal a deep calcification depth of~450 m in oxygen-depleted, but nutrient-rich water masses, consistent to other studies. As the δ 13 C of G. hexagonus is in near-equilibrium with ambient seawater, we suggest this species is suitable for tracing nutrient conditions in equatorial water masses originating in extra-topical regions.

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Section: Foraminiferal Apparent Calcification Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining foraminiferal calcification depths in the western Pacific warm pool

Rippert

Nürnberg

Raddatz

et al. 2016

Marine Micropaleontology

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“…Discrepancies between studies could stem from speciesspecific differences in controls on element incorporation, sample size, or both. Field studies of planktonic species show Mg/Ca increases with size in some species and decreases with size in other species (Elderfield et al, 2002;Anand and Elderfield, 2005;Friedrich et al, 2012), while under controlled constant conditions, Mg/Ca of the planktonic Globigerinoides sacculifer decreases with size (Dueñas-Bohórquez et al, 2011a). This implies that part of the relation between planktonic foraminiferal shell size and Mg/Ca is determined by calcification at different water depths (and hence different temperatures), and part of the ontogenetic controls on Mg/Ca are not environment-induced.…”

Section: Interchamber and Size-related Variability In Sr/ca And Mg/camentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in calcitic Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios in clones of the benthic foraminifer Ammonia tepida

Nooijer

Hathorne

Reichart

et al. 2014

Marine Micropaleontology

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Biological activity introduces variability in element incorporation during calcification and thereby decreases the precision and accuracy when using foraminifera as geochemical proxies in paleoceanography. This so-called 'vital effect' consists of organismal and environmental components. Whereas organismal effects include uptake of ions from seawater and subsequent processing upon calcification, environmental effects include migration-and seasonality-induced differences. Triggering asexual reproduction and culturing juveniles of the benthic foraminifer Ammonia tepida under constant, controlled conditions allow environmental and genetic variability to be removed and the effect of cell-physiological controls on element incorporation to be quantified. Three groups of clones were cultured under constant conditions while determining their growth rates, size-normalized weights and single-chamber Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Results show no detectable ontogenetic control on the incorporation of these elements in the species studied here. Despite constant culturing conditions, Mg/Ca varies by a factor of~4 within an individual foraminifer while intra-individual Sr/Ca varies by only a factor of 1.6. Differences between clone groups were similar to the intra-clone group variability in element composition, suggesting that any genetic differences between the clonegroups studied here do not affect trace element partitioning. Instead, variability in Mg/Ca appears to be inherent to the process of bio-calcification itself. The variability in Mg/Ca between chambers shows that measurements of at least 6 different chambers are required to determine the mean Mg/Ca value for a cultured foraminiferal test with a precision of ≤10%.

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“…corresponding to MIS G7-G5). We decided not to fill these gaps using another size fraction because (i) this might have biased our Mg / Ca and stable isotope records due to ontogenetic effects (Elderfield et al, 2002;Friedrich et al, 2012), and (ii) the abundance of G. crassaformis specimens < 315 µm was also too low for geochemical analyses in most of the samples where the 315-400 µm G. crassaformis size fraction was absent (see Sect. 5.4.2 for details).…”

Section: Sample Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermocline state change in the eastern equatorial Pacific during the late Pliocene/early Pleistocene intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The late Pliocene/early Pleistocene intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation (iNHG) ∼ 2.5 million years ago (marine isotope stages, MIS, 100-96) stands out as an important tipping point in Earth's climate history, which strongly influenced oceanographic and climatic patterns including trade wind and upwelling strength in the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP). The thermocline depth in the EEP, in turn, plays a pivotal role in the Earth's climate system: small changes in its depth associated with short-term climate phenomena such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation can affect surface-water properties and the ocean-atmosphere exchange. However, thermocline dynamics in the EEP during the iNHG still remain unclear. While numerous studies have suggested a link between a thermocline shoaling in the EEP and Northern Hemisphere ice growth, other studies have indicated a stable thermocline depth during the iNHG; consequently, a causal relationship between thermocline dynamics and ice-sheet growth has been excluded. In light of these contradictory views, we have generated geochemical (planktic foraminiferal δ 18 O, δ 13 C and Mg / Ca), sedimentological (sand accumulation rates) and faunal (abundance data of thermocline-dwelling foraminifera) records for Ocean Drilling Program Site 849 located in the central region of the EEP. Our records span the interval from ∼ 2.75 to 2.4 Ma (MIS G7-95), which is critical for understanding thermocline dynamics during the final phase of the iNHG. Our new records document a thermocline shoaling from ∼ 2.64 to 2.55 Ma (MIS G2-101) and a relatively shallow thermocline from ∼ 2.55 Ma onwards . This indicates a state change in thermocline depth at Site 849 shortly before the final phase of the iNHG. Ultimately, our data support the hypothesis that (sub-)tropical thermocline shoaling may have contributed to the development of large Northern Hemisphere ice sheets.

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Influence of test size, water depth, and ecology on Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, δ18O and δ13C in nine modern species of planktic foraminifers

Cited by 118 publications

References 107 publications

Constraining foraminiferal calcification depths in the western Pacific warm pool

Constraining foraminiferal calcification depths in the western Pacific warm pool

Variability in calcitic Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios in clones of the benthic foraminifer Ammonia tepida

Thermocline state change in the eastern equatorial Pacific during the late Pliocene/early Pleistocene intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation

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