Influence of tensile straining on the permeation of hydrogen in low alloy Cr–Mo steels

Brass, A.M.; Chêne, J.

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2005.01.007

Cited by 62 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, these effects of hydrogen as solid solution strengthener are rather small (<35 MPa [36]) at ambient temperature, which is probably within the scatter expected in high strength steels and are therefore difficult to observe in this case. Brass and Chêne [28] stated that the hydrogen effect is only observed after the onset of yielding, which is a result of the enhanced hydrogen transport after the beginning of plastic yielding, due to hydrogen transport by dislocations.…”

Section: Fractured Tensile Samplesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Brass and Chêne [28] and Marchetti et al [29] found that cracking only occurred after the onset of necking, i.e. after reaching the tensile strength.…”

Section: Interrupted Tensile Testsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…7). The choice of the yield strength as a minimum stress was based on the findings of Liu et al [27], Brass and Chêne [28], and Marchetti et al [29] for several steels, for which they showed that no hydrogen effect is observed beneath the yield strength.…”

Section: Interrupted Tensile Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liu et al [27] stated that at smaller elongations than the elongation associated with the yield strength, no hydrogen effect is observed in 3.5NiCrMoV steel when tensile tested. Brass and Chêne [28] stated that this is a result of the enhanced hydrogen transport after the start of plastic yielding, due to hydrogen transport by dislocations. Additionally, cracking was only observed after the onset of necking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Characterization of hydrogen induced cracking in TRIP-assisted steels

Laureys

Depover

Petrov

et al. 2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Section: Fractured Tensile Samplesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Brass and Chêne [28] and Marchetti et al [29] found that cracking only occurred after the onset of necking, i.e. after reaching the tensile strength.…”

Section: Interrupted Tensile Testsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Interrupted Tensile Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Characterization of hydrogen induced cracking in TRIP-assisted steels

Laureys

Depover

Petrov

et al. 2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…A number of considerable efforts have been directed to evaluate the influence of applied tensile stress on the hydrogen diffusion behavior in the steel employing the electrochemical permeation technique. [9][10][11][12] It has been generally accepted that the applied tensile stress in elastic range has no significant effect on the hydrogen diffusivity but increases the steady-state permeation flux due to the elastically expanded lattice. 10,12,13 On the other hand, a significant decrease in the permeation current has been observed in body centered cubic (BCC)-based materials under the tensile stress in plastic range and it has been attributed to the enhanced hydrogen trapping by newly generated dislocation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Hydrogen Diffusion Parameters of Ferritic Steel from Electrochemical Permeation Measurement under Tensile Loads

Kim

Yun

Jung

2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The hydrogen permeation experiment, performed with a stepwise permeation sequence involving "1 st permeation-desorption-2 nd permeation under loading, demonstrates that fine blister cracks are frequently observed on the steel surface in hydrogen charging side after the 2 nd permeation under the load over 95% of yield strength of the steel. To accommodate the experimental phenomena under the loading conditions, a numerical model is developed for determination of hydrogen diffusion parameters of the sour-resistant ferritic steel evaluated under tensile stress in plastic ranges. To solve the modified diffusion equation, a numerical finite difference method (FDM) is employed. The diffusion parameters determined by curve-fitting with the newly proposed diffusion equation indicates that, with the transition of mechanical domain from local-plasticity to generalized-plasticity, a big increase in the crack formation rate and hydrogen capture rate per irreversible trap are observed. It suggests that the transition probability for hydrogen transport from interstitial lattice site to irreversible trap site increases with the stress level. The high-strength ferritic steels used in the petrochemical industry suffer frequently from hydrogen assisted cracking (HAC) problem when they are used in a sour environment containing H 2 S. 1-3 Atomic hydrogens which result from the reduction of H + ions dissociated from H 2 S become the hydrogen molecule by the recombination reaction (H + H → H 2 ). Since H 2 S dissolved in aqueous environment suppresses this recombination reaction, the hydrogen atoms are easily adsorbed on the steel surface and diffuse into the steel matrix.4,5 The hydrogen atoms absorbed in the steel are reversibly or irreversibly trapped at various metallurgical defects in the steel, often resulting in the HAC failure. 2,6 With the depletion of high quality oil and gas, the HAC failure may become serious engineering problem for the highstrength steel pipes transporting and/or processing the low quality oil and gas containing a large amount of H 2 S.The HAC problem can be classified into two categories depending on the source of hydrogen and stress level; one is hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) occurring under no applied stress 2,6 and the other is sulphide stress cracking (SSC) occurring under applied tensile stress or residual stress. 7,8 In order to understand clearly HAC failure of the steels, the combined effect of hydrogen and applied stress should be evaluated together. A number of considerable efforts have been directed to evaluate the influence of applied tensile stress on the hydrogen diffusion behavior in the steel employing the electrochemical permeation technique.9-12 It has been generally accepted that the applied tensile stress in elastic range has no significant effect on the hydrogen diffusivity but increases the steady-state permeation flux due to the elastically expanded lattice. 10,12,13 On the other hand, a significant decrease in the permeation current has been observed in body centered cubic (BCC...

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Electrochemical hydrogen permeation measurement during cyclic stress testing of a ferritic chromium steel

Vatter,

Jung,

Oechsner

2024

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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In the present work, the hydrogen diffusion during cyclic stress testing in the ferritic chromium steel 1.4521 (X2CrMoTi18‐2) is investigated. Therefore, electrochemical hydrogen permeation measurements are carried out on a hollow cylinder geometry. Simultaneously an alternating stress is applied using a stress ratio of R=‐1. At low stress amplitudes, no influence on the diffusion behaviour of hydrogen is found. At a higher stress amplitude, close to the macroscopic yield strength, a delayed hydrogen permeation by a factor of two is observed. It is postulated that this observation is a result of the nucleation of new hydrogen traps during the measurement. Hydrogen content measurements using carrier gas hot extraction support this hypothesis.

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Influence of tensile straining on the permeation of hydrogen in low alloy Cr–Mo steels

Cited by 62 publications

References 21 publications

Characterization of hydrogen induced cracking in TRIP-assisted steels

Characterization of hydrogen induced cracking in TRIP-assisted steels

Determination of Hydrogen Diffusion Parameters of Ferritic Steel from Electrochemical Permeation Measurement under Tensile Loads

Electrochemical hydrogen permeation measurement during cyclic stress testing of a ferritic chromium steel

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