Influence of Temperature on the Performance of Gas Diffusion Electrodes in the CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction Reaction

Lowe, A. C.; Rieg, Carolin; Hierlemann, Tim; Salas, Nicolas; Kopljar, Dennis; Wagner, Norbert; Klemm, Elias

doi:10.1002/celc.201900872

Cited by 88 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…As recently demonstrated, the GDE likely counter‐balances CO 2 solubility decrease when T is raised, preventing catalysis limitation by mass transport and ensuring a constant (steady state) CO 2 concentration at the catalytic sites. TOF values are hence equivalent to pseudo first order rate constant for the CO production.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Iron Porphyrin Allows Fast and Selective Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO₂ to CO in a Flow Cell

Torbensen

Han

Boudy

et al. 2020

Chemistry A European J

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Molecular catalysts have been shown to have high selectivity for CO2 electrochemical reduction to CO, but with current densities significantly below those obtained with solid‐state materials. By depositing a simple Fe porphyrin mixed with carbon black onto a carbon paper support, it was possible to obtain a catalytic material that could be used in a flow cell for fast and selective conversion of CO2 to CO. At neutral pH (7.3) a current density as high as 83.7 mA cm−2 was obtained with a CO selectivity close to 98 %. In basic solution (pH 14), a current density of 27 mA cm−2 was maintained for 24 h with 99.7 % selectivity for CO at only 50 mV overpotential, leading to a record energy efficiency of 71 %. In addition, a current density for CO production as high as 152 mA cm−2 (>98 % selectivity) was obtained at a low overpotential of 470 mV, outperforming state‐of‐the‐art noble metal based catalysts.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Iron Porphyrin Allows Fast and Selective Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO₂ to CO in a Flow Cell

Torbensen

Han

Boudy

et al. 2020

Chemistry A European J

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“…Up to now, most reports on CO 2 gas diffusion electrolysis focus on the application of novel catalysts and their design, but not on the investigation of the basic assembly principles of the electrode that defines the catalytic environment and with it the reactivity of a particular catalyst. Along this line, GDEs, selective for CO/H 2 syngas mixtures, [ 24–29 ] formate [ 30–32 ] and C 2+ products [ 33–37 ] were investigated in gas diffusion setups. Especially the formation of C 2+ products like ethylene, ethanol, and n ‐propanol using copper‐based catalysts are herein of particular interest due to their use as feedstock's for carbon neutral polymers and fuels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction: Tailoring Catalyst Layers in Gas Diffusion Electrodes

Puring

Siegmund

Timm

et al. 2020

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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The electrochemical conversion of CO2 into commodity chemicals or fuels is an attractive reaction for sustainable CO2 utilization. In this context, the application of gas diffusion electrodes is promising due to efficient CO2 mass transport. Herein, a scalable and reproducible method is presented for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)‐bound copper gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) via the dry‐pressing method and compositional parameters are emphasized to alter such electrodes. The assembly of the catalytic layer plays a critical role in the electrode performance, as elevated bulk hydrophobicity coupled with good surface wettability is observed to offer highest performance in 0.5 m KHCO3. With optimized electrodes, formate, CO, and H2 are obtained at a current density of 25 mA cm−2 as main products in 1 m KOH in faradaic efficiencies (FEs) of 27%, 30%, and 36%. At 200 mA cm−2, an altered product composition with ethylene (33% FE) and ethanol (9% FE) along with H2 (33% FE) is observed. In addition, n‐propanol is observed with 7% faradaic efficiency. The results indicate that the composition of the GDE has a severe influence on the electrode performance and setting proper hydrophobicity gradients within the electrode is key toward developing a successful electrochemical CO2 reduction.

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“…Moreover, by lowering the electrolyte temperature, in addition to an enhancement of the pore-filling degree, a large-scale uniformity in length can simultaneously be achieved [ 52 ]. On the other hand, a high temperature promotes hydrogen evolution, which inhibits the metal ion reduction and results in an inhomogeneous deposition [ 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ]. A decrease of the pore-filling degree and a strong hydrogen bubble evolution that blocked the pores when the electrolyte temperature was increased were also reported by Azevedo et al [ 51 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Template-Assisted Iron Nanowire Formation at Different Electrolyte Temperatures

et al. 2021

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We studied the morphology, structure, and magnetic properties of Fe nanowires that were electrodeposited as a function of the electrolyte temperature. The nucleation mechanism followed instantaneous growth. At low temperatures, we observed an increase of the total charge reduced into the templates, thus suggesting a significant increase in the degree of pore filling. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed smooth nanowires without any characteristic features that would differentiate their morphology as a function of the electrolyte temperature. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies indicated the presence of a polycarbonate coating that covered the nanowires and protected them against oxidation. The X-ray diffraction measurements showed peaks coming from the polycrystalline Fe bcc structure without any traces of the oxide phases. The crystallite size decreased with an increasing electrolyte temperature. The transmission electron microscopy measurements proved the fine-crystalline structure and revealed elongated crystallite shapes with a columnar arrangement along the nanowire. Mössbauer studies indicated a deviation in the magnetization vector from the normal direction, which agrees with the SQUID measurements. An increase in the electrolyte temperature caused a rise in the out of the membrane plane coercivity. The studies showed the oxidation resistance of the Fe nanowires deposited at elevated electrolyte temperatures.

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Influence of Temperature on the Performance of Gas Diffusion Electrodes in the CO₂ Reduction Reaction

Cited by 88 publications

References 76 publications

Iron Porphyrin Allows Fast and Selective Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO₂ to CO in a Flow Cell

Iron Porphyrin Allows Fast and Selective Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO₂ to CO in a Flow Cell

Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction: Tailoring Catalyst Layers in Gas Diffusion Electrodes

Template-Assisted Iron Nanowire Formation at Different Electrolyte Temperatures

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Influence of Temperature on the Performance of Gas Diffusion Electrodes in the CO2 Reduction Reaction

Cited by 88 publications

References 76 publications

Iron Porphyrin Allows Fast and Selective Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO2 to CO in a Flow Cell

Iron Porphyrin Allows Fast and Selective Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO2 to CO in a Flow Cell

Electrochemical CO2 Reduction: Tailoring Catalyst Layers in Gas Diffusion Electrodes

Template-Assisted Iron Nanowire Formation at Different Electrolyte Temperatures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Influence of Temperature on the Performance of Gas Diffusion Electrodes in the CO₂ Reduction Reaction

Iron Porphyrin Allows Fast and Selective Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO₂ to CO in a Flow Cell

Iron Porphyrin Allows Fast and Selective Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO₂ to CO in a Flow Cell

Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction: Tailoring Catalyst Layers in Gas Diffusion Electrodes