Influence of Temperature on the Quantity of Bisphenol A in Bottled Drinking Water

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a component used in the production of polycarbonate plastics (PC) and epoxy resins, which are currently widely used in food and beverage packaging. Although BPA is not used in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) manufacturing, a recent study reported its presence in PET water bottles. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of storage conditions on the release of BPA from PET bottles as well as to assess health risks associated with the consumption of bottled water. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we measured the content of BPA in local brands of plastic bottled water sold in the Polish market. It has been established that temperature is one of the main factors that influences the migration of bisphenol A to products, as was confirmed by determination of the amount of bisphenol A in water, which was carried out without exposing the bottles to different temperatures. Despite the fact that the individual concentrations of BPA in bottled water were low (ng/L) at 0.6 mg/kg (body weight), the cumulative daily dose in the body may be much higher than the quoted concentrations due to the number of products containing BPA. Thus, prolonged usage of bottled water and beverages should be avoided to reduce the risk of human exposure to BPA through leaching. Additionally, it was found that high temperatures resulted in increased BPA leaching.

Bisphenol A release from food and beverage containers – A review

“…Research shows that trademarks and packaging should be considered a significant factor in BPA migration from PC polymers (Errico et al, 2014; Santillana et al, 2013). Different conditions in commercial bottle manufacturers, such as molding condition, annealing process, residual BPA in the resin, moisture content, and installation to draw water and to fill the bottles, could lead to BPA release into the container content (Ginter‐Kramarczyk et al, 2022; Mercea, 2009). In the manufacturing process, the airborne BPA could be blown and entered into plastics during the air expansion process (Holmes et al, 2021).…”

Migration and leaching behaviour of Bisphenol A from polyethylene terephthalate water bottles under different storage conditions

“…The most common possibility is to consume water from PET or PC bottles. Many studies reported BPA discharge from PET or PC water bottles under various conditions, such as temperature or duration, Fan et al (2014), Ginter-Kramarczyk et al (2022), Yun et al (2018).…”