Influence of temperature on the embedding strength

Moraes, Poliana Dias de; Rogaume, Yann; Bocquet, J.F.; Triboulot, P.

doi:10.1007/s00107-004-0568-9

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The embedment strength results described herein are similar to the results reported by Moraes et al [10], and similar to those reported by Young and Clancy [1] and Jong and Clancy [3] for compression parallel to the grain strength of timber. Since timber chars at around 300°C and the char layer has negligible strength, it would seem reasonable for the embedment strength values shown in Figure 4 to reduce to zero at about 300°C.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In order to develop a simple method of predicting the load capacity and deformation of connections in timber structures when exposed to known heat flux, a series of tests were carried out by the authors at known temperatures in a similar manner to that outlined in previous research by Moraes et al [10]. For this present testing, a series of single-bolt joints were heated in the furnace for 2 h at a constant temperature with no applied load under temperatures ranging from ambient to 280°C.…”

Section: Heated Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moraes et al [10] carried out embedment tests at temperatures ranging from 20 to 240°C. The test specimens were 112 mm in length, 48 mm wide and 20 mm thick samples of Pinus sylvestris.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Testing and Analytical Prediction of the Behaviour of Timber Bolted Connections Subjected to Fire

et al. 2009

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The ultimate strength of bolted and dowelled connections in timber members at ambient temperatures have been assessed using Johansen's yield equations in Europe and USA. More recently, several researchers have begun to investigate the strength of bolted and dowelled connections at elevated temperatures. Research has been carried out at the University of Canterbury to investigate the application of Johansen's yield equations to the prediction of the failure strength of bolted connections in fire conditions. A series of single bolted connections using steel side plates was heated at constant temperature for several hours, then loaded to failure and used to determine the embedment strength of the wood over a range of temperatures from ambient to 300°C. The temperature-dependent embedment strengths are employed in Johansen's equations for connections using a central steel plate as well as connections using steel and wood side members. Comparisons are also being made with the results of several similar connections tested in fire conditions and show considerable promise for predicting failure of such joints. A proposal for implementation of an easy-to-use approach for the prediction of the fire resistance of bolted joints is discussed in the paper, based on an extension of the Johansen's yield equations to fire conditions, including a model for the variation of the embedment strength with temperature.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Heated Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Testing and Analytical Prediction of the Behaviour of Timber Bolted Connections Subjected to Fire

et al. 2009

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“…In order to develop a simple method of predicting the load capacity and deformation of connections in timber structures when exposed to known heat flux, a series of tests were carried out at known temperatures in a similar manner to that outlined in previous research [10,11]. For this testing, a series of single-bolt joints were heated in the furnace for 2 h at a constant temperature with no applied load under temperatures ranging from ambient to 250 • C, and then quickly loaded to failure.…”

Section: Heated Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire performance of bolted connections in laminated veneer lumber

et al. 2009

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SUMMARYThis paper describes an investigation into the fire performance of bolted tensile connections in laminated veneer lumber (LVL) made from radiata pine. The capacity of the bolted connections depends on the embedment strength of the wood and on the yield moment of the bolts. The purpose of the research was to develop a prediction method for the time to failure of the connections when exposed to fire. An experimental investigation was carried out on the axial tensile strength of three types of bolted connections that utilized either wood or steel splice plates. Some specimens were tested at ambient temperatures while similar specimens were tested in fire conditions with a constant applied load. In addition, single-bolted connections were tested under constant elevated temperature conditions to determine the embedment strength of the LVL. Connections with no steel plates, or with steel plates slotted between the timber members, performed better than those with exposed steel. A simplified design approach is proposed, using an extension of the Johansen formulae, such that the embedment strength of the LVL depends on the temperature in the bolt.

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“…Temperatures at the interface between the fastener and wood calculated from the heat transfer model are used in conjunction with the relationship in Figure 12 to calculate the capacity. Figure 12 shows the temperature influence on the wood embedding strength f w : Moraes's relationship was determined directly from tests [29]. The relationship developed by Noren's is principle of reduction of embedding strength and agreed well with the test results of nailed connections [1].…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Predicting the Fire Resistance of Wood–Steel–Wood Timber Connections

et al. 2009

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This paper presents an investigation on the fire performance of woodsteel-wood timber connections with slotted-in steel plates. In the first part, a threedimensional thermal model was employed that uses the finite element method to analyze heat transfer within timber connections exposed to the standard fire. The temperature-related properties were obtained from the literature and imported into the thermal model. A validation of the proposed thermal model was achieved by comparing predicted temperatures with experimental results. In the next phase, a reduction in the embedding strength method was adopted to estimate the load-carrying capacity of connections in fire. Based on the temperature profiles within the connection calculated by the thermal model, the reduction of the embedding strength was determined and used to calculate the load capacity at elevated temperatures. Furthermore, a formula was proposed to evaluate the fire resistance rating of timber connections and compared with the results of fire resistance tests. The parameters considered included the load level, fastener diameter and wood member thickness.

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Influence of temperature on the embedding strength

Cited by 31 publications

References 5 publications

Experimental Testing and Analytical Prediction of the Behaviour of Timber Bolted Connections Subjected to Fire

Experimental Testing and Analytical Prediction of the Behaviour of Timber Bolted Connections Subjected to Fire

Fire performance of bolted connections in laminated veneer lumber

Predicting the Fire Resistance of Wood–Steel–Wood Timber Connections

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