Influence of temperature on peak shape and solvent compatibility: Implications for two‐dimensional liquid chromatography

Haun, Jakob; Teutenberg, Thorsten; Schmidt, Torsten

doi:10.1002/jssc.201101092

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The magnitude of this solvent strength effect depends strongly on the sample volume. While understanding quantitatively its influence on the dispersion of the analyte is important for the optimization of the chromatographic separation, it is particularly so in the case of comprehensive twodimensional LC where relatively large volume fractions collected from the effluent of the first column are injected in the second column operated with a mobile phase of different composition [50,51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of a strong sample solvent on analyte dispersion in chromatographic columns

Mishra

Rana

Wit

et al. 2013

Journal of Chromatography A

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a b s t r a c tIn chromatographic columns, when the eluting strength of the sample solvent is larger than that of the carrier liquid, a deformation of the analyte zone occurs because its frontal part moves at a relatively high velocity due to a low retention factor in the sample solvent while the rear part of the analyte zone is more retained in the carrier liquid and hence moves at a lower velocity. The influence of this solvent strength effect on the separation of analytes is studied here theoretically using a mass balance model describing the spatio-temporal evolution of the eluent, the sample solvent and the analyte. The viscosity of the sample solvent and carrier fluid is supposed to be the same (i.e. no viscous fingering effects are taken into account). A linear isotherm adsorption with a retention factor depending upon the local concentration of the liquid phase is considered. The governing equations are numerically solved by using a Fourier spectral method and parametric studies are performed to analyze the effect of various governing parameters on the dispersion and skewness of the analyte zone. The distortion of this zone is found to depend strongly on the difference in eluting strength between the mobile phase and the sample solvent as well as on the sample volume.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of a strong sample solvent on analyte dispersion in chromatographic columns

Mishra

Rana

Wit

et al. 2013

Journal of Chromatography A

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“…One option was to collect 303 nL in each 13th D1 fraction (1 min + 31 s of refill time). In order to avoid a solvent strength effect which might significantly affect the analyte’s peak shape and retention time in D2, , it was instead decided to split the larger fraction in two parts. During flow stabilization at 3% B, the last fraction collected prior to each pump refill was flushed to the D2 column.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online and Splitless NanoLC × CapillaryLC with Quadrupole/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Detection for Comprehensive Screening Analysis of Complex Samples

et al. 2013

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A novel multidimensional separation system based on online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography and hybrid high-resolution mass spectrometry has been developed for the qualitative screening analysis and characterization of complex samples. The core of the system is a consistently miniaturized two-dimensional liquid chromatography that makes the rapid second dimension compatible with mass spectrometry without the need for any flow split. Elevated temperature, ultrahigh pressure, and a superficially porous sub-3-μm stationary phase provide a fast second dimension separation and a sufficient sampling frequency without a first dimension flow stop. A highly loadable porous graphitic carbon stationary phase is employed in the first dimension to implement large volume injections that help countervailing dilution caused by the sampling process between the two dimensions. Exemplarily, separations of a 99-component standard mixture and a complex wastewater sample were used to demonstrate the performance of the dual-gradient system. In the second dimension, 30 s gradients at a cycle time of 1 min were employed. One multidimensional separation took 80-90 min (~120 min including extended hold and re-equilibration in the first dimension). This approach represents a cost-efficient alternative to online LC × LC strategies working with conventionally sized columns in the rapid second dimension, as solvent consumption is drastically decreased and analytes still are detectable at environmentally relevant concentrations.

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“…The RP × RP mode is the mode in the 2D-LC system most frequently used to separate compounds (Iguiniz & Heinisch, 2017). Some previous studies have found that the RP × RP mode provided better mobile phase compatibility than other 2D-LC modes because of compatibility and similar physicochemical properties of the mobile phases used in the heart-cutting 2D-LC system (Haun, Teutenberg, & Schmidt, 2012;Ji et al, 2018).…”

Section: The Selection Of 2d-lc Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel and nonderivatization method for the determination of valproic acid in human serum by two‐dimensional liquid chromatography

Liu

Shang

Yao

et al. 2019

Biomedical Chromatography

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A novel and robust two‐dimensional liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection method (2D‐LC–UV) was developed and validated for high‐throughput determination of the concentrations of valproic acid (VPA) in human plasma. This 2D‐LC system was composed of a first‐dimensional LC column, a second‐dimensional LC column and an intermediate transfer column. The sample was directly injected into the 2D‐LC system after an easy protein precipitation treatment. After online preconcentration and primary separation by the first‐dimensional column, the target was captured by an intermediate column and then transferred to second‐dimensional column for analysis. The system transferred the target through “central cutting” mode whereby the drug peak was not subject to interference from the matrix. The analysis cycle time was completed within 7.0 min. Compared with other methods that have been developed, the analysis time was reduced and the operation was much easier without any derivatization. The calibration curve was linear over the 5.90–188.94 μg/ml range for the VPA concentrations. The intra‐day and inter‐day precisions were <5.6%. The recoveries were in the range from 95.2 to 98.0%. This method appears to be sensitive, precise, rapid and low‐cost for the quantification of VPA in serum sample.

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Influence of temperature on peak shape and solvent compatibility: Implications for two‐dimensional liquid chromatography

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Influence of a strong sample solvent on analyte dispersion in chromatographic columns

Influence of a strong sample solvent on analyte dispersion in chromatographic columns

Online and Splitless NanoLC × CapillaryLC with Quadrupole/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Detection for Comprehensive Screening Analysis of Complex Samples

A novel and nonderivatization method for the determination of valproic acid in human serum by two‐dimensional liquid chromatography

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