​Influence of Temperature and Salinity Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Soybean (Glycine max L.)

Abstract

Background: The high salt level of a germinating environment can lead to reduced, delayed, and even complete inhibition of germination and seeding growth due to osmotic action and/or ion toxicity. Based on this viewpoint, the aim of this study was to investigate germination temperature and salinity effects on germination and early seedling growth of soybean, which can be sown as first and second crops. Methods: Soybean seeds were subjected to NaCl induced saline germinating media prepared in petri dishes under two different germination temperatures (20±2 and 25±2oC). Thirty sterilized seeds per petri dish were sown in ten salt treatments (0, 100, 150, 250, 750, 1000, 2250, 5000, 7500 and 10000 ppm NaCl L-1). The study was carried out according to the completely randomized design with four replications. Result: Lower temperature promoted seed germination, while the high temperature significantly inhibited the seed germination at all NaCl doses tested. As a result, 25oC temperatures, which can only be measured at the time of the second sowing, have been found to negatively affect germination and also increase the negative effects of salt. Due to the moderate tolerance of soybeans to salt stress, the germination rate was positively affected up to 750 ppm NaCl L-1 dose and resulted in severe reductions in subsequent doses. Also, the tolerance of soybean was negatively influenced by the interaction of temperature and NaCl concentration.

Higher Temperature had Positive Effects on Seed Germination of Glycyrrhiza glabra under NaCl Stress

“…G. glabra seeds had higher GP, faster germination speed and maintained higher seeding vigour at high temperature. Glycine max L. germination percentage is higher at low temperature than that at high temperature under salt treatments (Cirka et al, 2021). In contrast, raising the temperature to an optimal level improves the salt tolerance of Astragalus membranaceus seeds during germination indicating that high temperature might alleviate salt stress (Xu et al, 2020) which correlates with our results.…”

“…This indicated that excessive soil salinity negatively affects G. glabra seed germination, which consequently had negative effects on its growth and yield. The damage to G. glabra may occur through osmotic stress, ion toxicity (Bhatt et al, 2020), or oxidative damage (Cirka et al, 2021).…”

“…Seed germination is a crucial plant life cycle stage that is affected by temperature and salinity (Cirka et al, 2021). G. glabra exhibits some salinity tolerance.…”

Molecular Tools and Their Applications in Developing Salt-Tolerant Soybean (Glycine max L.) Cultivars

“…Salinity stress reduced the growth and biomass of soybean cultivars [ 36 ] ( Table 1 ). Çirka et al [ 37 ] exposed soybean genotypes to 10,000 ppm NaCl and concluded that salinity stress positively affected seed germination and seedling emergence.…”

Role of Osmotic Regulation and Cryoprotectant Substances in the Freezing Tolerance of Alfalfa in Cold, Dry Conditions

“…In 1975, Boussiba theorized that plants that encounter stress show better tolerance to a subsequent simultaneous stress and thereby adapt better (Boussiba et al, 1975). In agricultural production, priming measures may be an effective way to increase the freezing tolerance of crops (Sinha et al, 2021;Çirka et al, 2021). For example, exposing alfalfa to water deficit could increase its winter survival by enhancing its freezing tolerance (Paquin et al, 1980).…”