Influence of Temperature and Moisture Upon the Nature and Extent of Decomposition of Plant Residues by Microorganisms

Waksman, Selman A.; Gerretsen, F. C.

doi:10.2307/1932933

Cited by 125 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The overall level and spatiotemporal variability of soil moisture have long been described as some of the primary environmental regulators of soil microbial activity (55,56). Indeed, desiccation is a frequent physiological stress for soil microbial communities and is anticipated to gain further importance during future climate change (21).…”

Section: Effects Of Dispersal Network On Bacterial Dispersal At Diffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycelium-Like Networks Increase Bacterial Dispersal, Growth, and Biodegradation in a Model Ecosystem at Various Water Potentials

Worrich

König

Miltner

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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e Fungal mycelia serve as effective dispersal networks for bacteria in water-unsaturated environments, thereby allowing bacteria to maintain important functions, such as biodegradation. However, poor knowledge exists on the effects of dispersal networks at various osmotic (⌿ o ) and matric (⌿ m ) potentials, which contribute to the water potential mainly in terrestrial soil environments. Here we studied the effects of artificial mycelium-like dispersal networks on bacterial dispersal dynamics and subsequent effects on growth and benzoate biodegradation at ⌬⌿ o and ⌬⌿ m values between 0 and ؊1.5 MPa. In a multiple-microcosm approach, we used a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged derivative of the soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida KT2440 as a model organism and sodium benzoate as a representative of polar aromatic contaminants. We found that decreasing ⌬⌿ o and ⌬⌿ m values slowed bacterial dispersal in the system, leading to decelerated growth and benzoate degradation. In contrast, dispersal networks facilitated bacterial movement at ⌬⌿ o and ⌬⌿ m values between 0 and ؊0.5 MPa and thus improved the absolute biodegradation performance by up to 52 and 119% for ⌬⌿ o and ⌬⌿ m , respectively. This strong functional interrelationship was further emphasized by a high positive correlation between population dispersal, population growth, and degradation. We propose that dispersal networks may sustain the functionality of microbial ecosystems at low osmotic and matric potentials.

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Section: Effects Of Dispersal Network On Bacterial Dispersal At Diffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycelium-Like Networks Increase Bacterial Dispersal, Growth, and Biodegradation in a Model Ecosystem at Various Water Potentials

Worrich

König

Miltner

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The substrates for plant maintenance respiration (R m ) (Amthor, 2000;Chapin et al, 2011;Kuzyakov and Gavrichkova, 2010), microbial respiration of plant residues (R res ) (Waksman and Gerretsen, 1931;Zhou et al, 2013) and soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition (R SOM ) (Bader and Cheng, 2007;Heinemeyer et al, 2007;Moyano et al, 2007Moyano et al, , 2008Gaumont-Guay et al, 2008) are separately derived from plant biomass, plant residues and SOM, and their respiratory rates respond strongly to variation in temperature under no water-limited conditions. Since plant biomass, plant residues and SOM are the organic matters that are stored in the ecosystems over a long term period, we defined them as reserved ecosystem organic matter (EOM) and their corresponding respiratory components as EOM-derived respiration (R EOM ).…”

Section: Description Of the Rersmmentioning

confidence: 99%

A remote sensing model to estimate ecosystem respiration in Northern China and the Tibetan Plateau

Gao

et al. 2015

Ecological Modelling

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a b s t r a c tEcosystem respiration (R e ) is rarely quantified from remote sensing data because satellite technique is incapable of observing the key processes associated with soil respiration. In this study, we develop a Remote Sensing Model for R e (ReRSM) by assuming that one part of R e is derived from current photosynthate with the respiratory rate coupling closely with gross primary production (GPP), and the other part of R e is derived from reserved ecosystem organic matter (including plant biomass, plant residues and soil organic matter) with the respiratory rate responding strongly to temperature change. The ReRSM is solely driven by the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), the Land Surface Water Index (LSWI) and the Land Surface Temperature (LST) from MODIS data. Multi-year eddy CO 2 flux data of five vegetation types in Northern China and the Tibetan Plateau (including temperate mixed forest, temperate steppe, alpine shrubland, alpine marsh and alpine meadow-steppe) were used for model parameterization and validation. In most cases, the simulated R e agreed well with the observed R e in terms of seasonal and interannual variation irrespective of vegetation types. The ReRSM could explain approximately 93% of the variation in the observed R e across five vegetation types, with the root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.04 mol C m −2 d −1 and the modeling efficiency (EF) of 0.93. Model comparison showed that the performance of the ReRSM was comparable with that of the RECO in the studied five vegetation types, while the former had much fewer parameters than the latter. The ReRSM parameters showed good linear relationships with the mean annual satellite indices. With these linear functions, the ReRSM could explain approximately 90% of the variation in the observed R e across five vegetation types, with the RMSE of 0.05 mol C m −2 d −1 and the EF of 0.89. These analyses indicated that the ReRSM is a simple and alternative approach in R e estimation and has the potential of estimating spatial R e . However, the performance of ReRSM in other vegetation types or regions still needs a further study.

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“…In the 1930s, early studies declared how temperature and moisture affect plant residue decomposition (Waksman and Gerretsen 1931;Acharya 1935). In both of these classic studies, residue decomposition was measured with a single plant residue without mixing into soils, and the loss of dry matter or constituents of residue was mainly used to evaluate its decomposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling aerobic decomposition of rice straw during the off-rice season in an Andisol paddy soil in a cold temperate region of Japan: Effects of soil temperature and moisture

Nakajima

Cheng

Tang

et al. 2015

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Submerged rice paddies are a major source of methane (CH 4 ) which is the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Accelerating rice straw decomposition during the off-rice season could help to reduce CH 4 emission from rice paddies during the single rice-growth season in cold temperate regions. For understanding how both temperature and moisture can affect the rate of rice straw decomposition during the off-rice season in the cold temperate region of Tohoku district, Japan, a modeling incubation experiment was carried out in the laboratory. Bulk soil and soil mixed with 2% of δ 13 C-labeled rice straw with a full factorial combination of four temperature levels (−5 to 5, 5, 15, 25°C) and two moisture levels (60% and 100% WFPS) were incubated for 24 weeks. The daily change from −5 to 5°C was used to model the freezing-thawing cycles occurring during the winter season. The rates of rice straw decomposition were calculated by (i) CO 2 production; (ii) change in the soil organic carbon (SOC) content; and (iii) change in the δ 13 C value of SOC. The results indicated that both temperature and moisture affected the rate of rice straw decomposition during the 24-week aerobic incubation period. Rates of rice straw decomposition increased not only with high temperature, but also with high moisture conditions. The rates of rice straw decomposition were more accurately calculated by CO 2 production compared to those calculated by the change in the SOC content, or in its δ 13 C value. Under high moisture at 100% WFPS condition, the rates of rice straw decomposition were 14.0, 22.2, 33.5 and 46.2% at −5 to 5, 5, 15 and 25°C temperature treatments, respectively. While under low moisture at 60% WFPS condition, these rates were 12.7, 18.3, 31.2 and 38.4%, respectively. The Q 10 of rice straw decomposition was higher between −5 to 5 and 5°C than that between 5 and 15°C and that between 15 and 25°C. Daily freezing-thawing cycles (from −5 to 5°C) did not stimulate rice straw decomposition compared with low temperature at 5°C. This study implies that to reduce CH 4 emission from rice paddies during the single rice-growth season in the cold temperate regions, enhancing rice straw decomposition during the high temperature period is very important. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Influence of Temperature and Moisture Upon the Nature and Extent of Decomposition of Plant Residues by Microorganisms

Cited by 125 publications

References 3 publications

Mycelium-Like Networks Increase Bacterial Dispersal, Growth, and Biodegradation in a Model Ecosystem at Various Water Potentials

Mycelium-Like Networks Increase Bacterial Dispersal, Growth, and Biodegradation in a Model Ecosystem at Various Water Potentials

A remote sensing model to estimate ecosystem respiration in Northern China and the Tibetan Plateau

Modeling aerobic decomposition of rice straw during the off-rice season in an Andisol paddy soil in a cold temperate region of Japan: Effects of soil temperature and moisture

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