Three imidazole anion-functionalized ionic liquids (IFILs) with tributylethylphosphonium ([P 4442 ] + ) cation and imidazolate ([Im] − ), 4-methylimidazolate ([4-MeIm] − ), or 4-bromimidazolate ([4-BrIm] − ) anions were prepared to study the effect of physicochemical properties on CO 2 absorption behavior. Density (ρ), viscosity (η), speed of sound (u) of the studied IFILs were measured, and molecular volume (V m ), standard entropy (S 0 ), lattice energy (U POT ), and isentropic compressibility coe cient (κ s ) were calculated accordingly. CO 2 absorption behavior of [P 4442 ][Im] at T = 313.15-333.15 K and p = 0.2 and 1 bar were investigated as an example. The results show that with the increase of temperature, ρ, η, u, and U POT decrease, while V m , S 0 , and κ s increase, due to a decrease in electrostatic interaction correspondingly. The orders of ρ, u, η, V m , and S 0 values are as follows:while U POT and κ s are in reverse order. Interestingly, CO 2 capture capacity of IFILs is approximately linear with η or κ s . Due to low η and high κ s , CO 2 absorption capacity of [P 4442 ][Im] is almost independent of temperature and partial pressure, as high as 0.90 mol CO 2 /mol IL at 333.15 K and 0.2 bar, indicating that [P 4442 ][Im] has potential applications for CO 2 absorption at high temperature and low pressure.