Influence of tank geometry and flow pattern in fish distribution

Duarte, Silvana; Reig, L.; Masaló, Ingrid; Blanco, Mónica; Oca, Joan

doi:10.1016/j.aquaeng.2010.12.002

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Oxygen consumption rates for Atlantic salmon of size 200 g are around 2 mg kg -1 min -1 (Folkedal, Torgersen, Nilsson, & Oppedal, 2010;Forsberg, 1994). This implies an oxygen consumption rate of 160 mg m -3 min -1 , or 117 g min -1 for the whole tank.…”

Section: Journal Of Hydraulic Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fish within cages are believed to attenuate and redirect water flow (Gansel, Rackebrandt, Oppedal, & McClimans, 2014;Johansson, Juell, Oppedal, Stiansen, & Ruohonen, 2007;Klebert, Lader, Gansel, & Oppedal, 2013) and increase turbulence and mixing in both tanks and cages (Chacon-Torres, Ross, & Beveridge, 1988;Masaló, Reig, & Oca, 2008;Rasmussen, Laursen, Craig, & McLean, 2005). Various studies have shown that fish within cages and tanks display a preference for hydrodynamic and water quality conditions, which therefore influence their behaviour and distribution (Duarte, Reig, Masaló, Blanco, & Oca, 2011;Forsberg, 1994, Johansson et al, 2007Rasmussen et al, 2005). Water speed, expressed as body lengths s -1 , has also been shown to influence the growth (Grisdale-Helland, Takle, & Helland, 2013;Jobling, Jørgensen, Arnesen, & Ringø, 1993) and heart and skin health (Farrell, Johansen, & Suarez, 1991;Takle & Castro, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Changes to flow and turbulence caused by different concentrations of fish in a circular tank

Plew

Klebert

Rosten

et al. 2015

Journal of Hydraulic Research

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The effects of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) on flow and turbulence in a circular tank were investigated. Three fish sizes were studied (37.5 g, 82.5 g and 218 g) with between 268,050 and 318,000 fish in a 15 m diameter by 4 m deep tank (mean stocking densities of 15.3 kg m -3 , 35.6 kg m -3 , and 79.4 kg m -3 ). Flow in the enclosed tank was driven by the inflow from the water supply system and a degassing system. Velocities were measured using acoustic Doppler velocimetry with and without fish present. Dissolved oxygen was also measured, and the turbulent transport of dissolved oxygen calculated from eddy correlation. The average water velocity was reduced by 15% at low and medium stocking densities, and 57% at high stocking density. Turbulent kinetic energy, turbulence intensity, and turbulence dissipation rates were higher with fish than without. Fish altered the distributions of mean velocity, turbulence and oxygen, and increased the turbulent transport of oxygen. Vertical distributions of turbulence were consistent with echo-sounder derived fish distributions.

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Section: Journal Of Hydraulic Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Changes to flow and turbulence caused by different concentrations of fish in a circular tank

Plew

Klebert

Rosten

et al. 2015

Journal of Hydraulic Research

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“…The use of circular tanks without any constraints is a good example of an experiment in which a homogeneous current velocity is difficult to achieve. For instance, within circular tanks the water velocity may be over 3 times faster closer to the outside wall (Duarte et al 2011) and the fish can change position and thereby vary the experienced current velocity. In addition, if the fish is not restricted to a closed off section in the tank (hereafter referred to as closed/open circular if a closed off section exists/is absent) this may also influence the results as the fish have the ability to move either slower or faster than the generated current and the actual swimming speed of in dividual fish will be unknown.…”

Section: Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast water currents reduce production performance of post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

Solstorm¹,

Solstorm²,

Oppedal³

et al. 2015

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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In the future, an increasing number of salmon farms may be located in areas with fast water current velocity due to limited availability of more sheltered locations. However, there is little information as to how fast currents affect fish health and welfare. We used raceways to expose Atlantic salmon post-smolts (98.6 g, 22.3 cm) to homogeneous water velocities corresponding to 0.2, 0.8 and 1.5 body lengths s −1 (slow, moderate and fast, respectively) over 6 wk. Fish at fast velocity had a 5% lower weight gain compared to fish at moderate and slow velocities, with a corresponding reduction in length. Fish at moderate and fast velocities had lower lipid content in the muscle compared to fish at slow velocity. Hence, fish at slow and moderate velocities had the same weight gain, but fish at slow velocity gained more fat and fish at moderate velocity more muscle protein. Fish at fast velocity had a higher relative ventricular mass, indicating an increased cardiac workload. At slow velocity, individual fish displayed elevated plasma levels of lactate, osmolality and potassium. Our results suggest that post-smolts had the best growth and welfare at moderate velocity and that a current velocity of 1.5 body lengths s −1 could compromise production performance.

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“…In comparison to rectangular rearing units, circular tanks have uniform water quality [1,2] and the distribution of velocities inside the tank is very heterogeneous. Circular tanks are also self-cleaning, with solid waste flushed through a center drain [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%