Influence of synthesis methods on structural, piezoelectric, ferroelectric and mechanical properties of lead-free K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN) ceramics

Perovskites as oxygen storage materials for chemical looping partial oxidation and reforming of methane

“…For the synthesis of perovskites by coprecipitation, precipitants such as hydroxides, carbonates and oxalates have been used very frequently. In hydroxides, the precipitating agent is usually KOH, NH 4 OH, or tetramethylammonium hydroxide; [61][62][63] carbonates are often used as (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 and K 2 CO 3 ; 64,65 and oxalate precipitants include oxalic acid or ammonium oxalate. 62,66,67 In principle, oxalic acid precipitation seems to be the most suitable method, since it avoids both the presence of basic ions and the possible selective dissolution of the precipitate.…”