Influence of surface treatments and cyclic fatigue on subsurface defects and mechanical properties of zirconia frameworks

Elraggal, Alaaeldin; Silikas, Nick; Aboushelib, Moustafa N.

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2021.02.020

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…To simulate the clinical condition, the fracture toughness was measured through the quantitative fractographic analysis method as it relies on measuring the natural flaws that caused the failure of specimens [ 18 ]. This approach has been extensively employed in the literature as a reliable method to measure fracture toughness of dental materials [ 18 , 28 , 56 , 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tested bars from each material group (n = 10/subgroup) underwent a 3-point flexural strength testing using a universal testing machine (Tinius Olsen model no 5ST, Surrey, UK). A brass-metal custom-made device [ 28 ] was made to mount each bar so that the span length was 14 mm following the International Organization for Standardization guidelines (ISO 6872: 2008) [ 22 ]. A load cell capacity of 5000 N loaded the central part of mounted bars at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min till fracture [ 29 ] (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of erosive media on microhardness and fracture toughness of CAD-CAM dental materials

2022

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Background Erosive acids might create surface flaws and deteriorate the mechanical properties of CAD-CAM materials. This invitro study aimed to investigate the effect of simulated gastric HCl and extrinsic erosive acids on surface microhardness and fracture toughness of CAD-CAM materials. Methods 400 bar-shaped specimens (17×4×2 mm3) were prepared from 4 different CAD-CAM dental materials (n = 100/group); monolithic zirconia (Ceramill Zolid HT+, Amanngirbach, Austria), lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein), nanohybrid resin composite (Grandio Blocs, VOCO) and polymer-infiltrated glass network (Vita Enamic, VITA Zahnfabrik). Specimens from each material type were further subdivided into 5 groups (n = 20) according to the erosive media applied (simulated gastric HCl, white wine, Coca-Cola®, orange juice, and artificial saliva that served as a control). Specimens were immersed for 24 h in an incubator at 37 ℃, then ultrasonically cleaned in distilled water and air-dried. Half of the specimens were tested for Vickers microhardness (VHN) at parameters of 500 gf for 10 s, while the rest of the specimens underwent 3-point flexure till fracture. Fractured surfaces were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) for fracture toughness (KIC) calculation using the quantitative fractographic analysis method. Data collected were statistically analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (α = 0.05) after verification of data normality and homogeneity of variances. Results Erosive media created surface flaws that lowered the surface microhardness of the material and initiated the fracture pattern under different loads according to material type. The material type was a more predominant factor than erosive media that affected either the microhardness or the fracture toughness of CAD-CAM dental materials. The highest VHN and KIC values were found among Ceramill Zolid HT+ groups followed by IPS e.max CAD and Grandio Blocs regardless of the erosive media employed. Erosive media significantly reduced the VHN and KIC in Vita Enamic specimens compared to the rest of the material types. Conclusion All CAD-CAM materials used, except Vita Enamic, showed high resistance against the erosive acids indicating higher longevity of the material in patients frequently exposed to either extrinsic or intrinsic acid.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of erosive media on microhardness and fracture toughness of CAD-CAM dental materials

2022

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“…To simulate the clinical condition, the fracture toughness was measured through the quantitative fractographic analysis method as it relies on measuring the natural aws that caused the failure of specimens [17]. This approach has been extensively employed in the literature as a reliable method to measure fracture toughness of dental materials [17,23,50,52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tested bars from each material group (n = 10/subgroup) underwent a 3-point exural strength testing using a universal testing machine (Tinius Olsen model no 5ST, Surrey, UK). A brass-metal custom-made device [23] was made to mount each bar so that the span length was 14 mm following the International Organization for Standardization guidelines (ISO 6872: 2008) [24]. A load cell capacity of 5000 N loaded the central part of mounted bars at a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min till fracture [25] (Fig.…”

Section: Erosive Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of erosive media on microhardness and fracture toughness of CAD-CAM materials

Elraggal

Afifi

Abdelraheem

2022

Preprint

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Background: Erosive acids might create surface flaws and deteriorate the mechanical properties of CAD-CAM materials. This invitro study aimed to investigate the effect of simulated gastric HCl and extrinsic erosive acids on surface microhardness and fracture toughness of CAD-CAM materials. Methods: 400 bar-shaped specimens (17x4x2mm) were prepared from 4 different CAD -CAM materials (n=100/group); monolithic zirconia (Ceramill Zolid HT+, Amanngirbach, Austria), lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein), nanohybrid resin composite (Grandio Blocs, VOCO) and polymer-infiltrated glass network (Vita Enamic, VITA Zahnfabrik). Specimens from each material type were further subdivided into 5 groups (n=20) according to the erosive media applied (simulated gastric HCl, white wine, Coca-Cola, orange juice, and artificial saliva that served as a control). Specimens were immersed for 24 hrs in an incubator at 37 ℃, then ultrasonically cleaned in distilled water and air-dried. Half of the specimens were tested for Vickers microhardness (VH) at parameters of 500 gf for 10 s, while the rest of the specimens underwent 3-point flexure till fracture. Fractured surfaces were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) for fracture toughness (KIC) calculation using the quantitative fractographic analysis method. Data collected were statistically analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (α=0.05) after verification of data normality and homogeneity of variances. Results: Erosive media created surface flaws that lowered the surface microhardness of the material and initiated the fracture pattern under different loads according to material type. The material type was a more predominant factor than erosive media that affected either the microhardness or the fracture toughness of CAD-CAM materials. The highest VH and KIC values were found among Ceramill Zolid HT+ groups followed by IPS e.max CAD and Grandio Blocs regardless of the erosive media employed. Erosive media significantly reduced the VH and KIC in VITA Enamic specimens compared to the rest of the material types. Conclusion: All CAD-CAM materials used, except Vita Enamic, showed high resistance against the erosive acids indicating higher longevity of the material in patients frequently exposed to either extrinsic or intrinsic acid.

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“…Zirconia ceramic has been widely used in prosthodontics [ 1 ] due to its favorable mechanical properties [ 2 ], biocompatibility [ 3 ], acceptable esthetics and chemical stability [ 4 , 5 ]. Silicon nitride and aluminum oxide are commonly applied ceramics materials in the medical implant; however, zirconia was reported to possess lower Tresca stress value under force loading and thus reduces the risk of postoperative failure [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Surface Treatments on Zirconia Bond Strength and Durability

Shen

Wang

Shi

et al. 2023

JFB

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To evaluate the effects of airborne particle abrasion (APA) combined with MDP-containing resin cement, a glass-ceramic spray deposition (GCSD) method on the shear bond strengths (SBSs) and durability of 3 mol% yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconia ceramic (3Y-TZP) compared with lithium disilicate glass ceramics (LDGC). 3Y-TZP disks were randomly treated as follows: for Group APA+MDP, 3Y-TZP was abrased using 50 μm Al2O3 particles under 0.1 Mpa and bonded with MDP-containing resin cement; for Group GCSD, 3Y-TZP was treated with the GCSD method, etched by 5% HF for 90 s, silanized and bonded with resin cement without MDP. Group LDGC was bonded as the Group GCSD. X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDX) were used to analyze the surface chemical and micro-morphological changes of the ceramics before bonding. The bonded ceramic specimens were randomly divided into subgroups, and the SBSs were determined before and after 10,000 thermocycling. The SBSs were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA analysis. Failure modes were determined with optical microscopy and SEM. The XRD, ATR-FTIR and XPS results identified the formation of lithium disilicate and zirconium silicate on 3Y-TZP after GCSD. The SEM micrographs revealed that 3Y-TZP surfaces were roughened by APA, while 3Y-TZP with GCSD and LDGC surfaces could be etched by HF to be porous. The APA treatment combined with MDP-containing resin cement produced the high immediate zirconia shear bond strengths (SBSs: 37.41 ± 13.51 Mpa) that was similar to the SBSs of the LDGC (34.87 ± 11.02 Mpa, p > 0.05), but, after thermocycling, the former dramatically decreased (24.00 ± 6.86 Mpa, maximum reduction by 35.85%) and the latter exhibited the highest SBSs (30.72 ± 7.97 Mpa, minimum reduction by 11.9%). The 3Y-TZP with GCSD treatment displayed the lower zirconia SBSs before thermocycling (27.03 ± 9.76 Mpa, p < 0.05), but it was similar to the 3Y-TZP treated with APA and MDP containing resin cement after thermocycling (21.84 ± 7.03 vs. 24.00 ± 6.86 Mpa, p > 0.05). The APA combined with MDP-containing resin cement could achieve the high immediate zirconia SBSs of those of the LDGC, but it decreased significantly after thermocycling. The GCSD technique could yield the immediate zirconia SBSs similar to those of LDGC before thermocycling, and long-term zirconia SBSs were similar to those of 3Y-TZP treated with APA followed by MDP-containing resin cement after thermocycling. Hence, the GCSD technique could enrich zirconia surface treatments and is an alternative to zirconia surface pretreatment for 3Y-TZP bond durability.

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Influence of surface treatments and cyclic fatigue on subsurface defects and mechanical properties of zirconia frameworks

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of erosive media on microhardness and fracture toughness of CAD-CAM dental materials

Effect of erosive media on microhardness and fracture toughness of CAD-CAM dental materials

Effect of erosive media on microhardness and fracture toughness of CAD-CAM materials

The Effect of Surface Treatments on Zirconia Bond Strength and Durability

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