“…In addition, in a very short time it is necessary to remove surface contamination, form roughness from the surface to provide mechanical clamping, and increase the number of areas for chemical bonding between the cement and the ceramic surface . Several applications have been proposed for connecting resin to zirconia surface, including hot chemical etching, rotary systems, gas‐phase fluorination, selective infiltration etching, nano‐alumina coating, tribochemical silica coating, airborne‐particle abrasion, hydrofluoric acid etching after fused glass‐ceramic application, and various laser irradiation …”