Influence of surface tension on nuclear collective properties

Abstract

Rigidities of even-even nuclei were estimated and compared with nuclear charge radii. Correlation of maximal nuclear rigidities with minimal values of r0 parameters was revealed.Influence of effective surface tension on nuclear properties was discussed.Shell structure in the nucleonic motions has a profound effect on collective properties of the individual nuclei. The competition between the nucleons in the closed shells that promotes the spherical shape of the nucleus and the nucleons in the unfilled shells that tend to polarize the nucleus and bring about nonspherical equilibrium shape is one of the origins in great diversities in nuclear characteristics. This source of differences in nuclear forms and shapes was indicated already at the dawn of nuclear physics [1][2][3]. These contradictory tendencies reveal themselves as well in the considerable diversities of nuclear responses to excitations, e.g. in great differences in the fragmentations of multipole resonances' strengths. One of nuclear characteristics that reflects the competition between the trends to minimize the nuclear surface and to minimize the Coulomb repulsion is nuclear rigidity. This quality reveals itself in the Hamiltonian of collective vibrations where it determines their potential energy [4]: 2 2 ...

Estimation of Surface Tension in Nuclei

“…The experimental investigation of 2 + → 0 transitions probabilities in the even-even nuclei (reviewed in [5]) permits us to perform the estimation of the mean squared deformations β for the majority of even-even atomic nuclei. Data [5] on the mean squared deformations were used for calculation of nuclear rigidities in [6,7].…”