Influence of surface roughness and coating type on the galling properties of coated forming tool steel

Podgornik, Bojan; Hogmark, Sture; Sandberg, Odd

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.11.002

Cited by 130 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…As titanium has a strong affinity for boron nitrogen and carbon, it combines with these elements in order to form stable titanium borides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, which can be successfully used as reinforcing materials in metal matrix composites (MMCs). In previous studies, TiN and Ti(C,N) coatings are incorporated on various substrates by cathodic arc ion plating process [1,2], physical vapour deposition [3], and plasmaassisted chemical vapour deposition [4]. In addition, TiB 2 particles reinforce different substrates by electron beam [5,6], laser [7][8][9][10][11], or pulsed electrode surfacing [10][11][12] techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion and Wear Properties of Composite Coatings Reinforced with Particles Produced by PTA on Steel Substrate in Different Atmospheres

et al. 2012

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Titanium diboride (TiB 2 ) and titanium carbonitride (Ti(C,N)) coatings are widely used as reinforcing materials in applications demanding high corrosion and wear resistance. In this paper, plain carbon steel has been surface alloyed with TiB 2 by plasma transferred arc (PTA) technique using two different gas atmospheres. The first metal matrix composite (MMC) is produced with TiB 2 particles and argon as shielding and plasma gas. In addition, a mixture of Ar and 5% N 2 was used as shielding and plasma gas for producing of second MMC coating. The microstructure of both alloyed layers consists of primary titanium boride particles surrounded by a eutectic matrix, containing ferrite, eutectic boride, and titanium carbonitrides. The presence of these carbonitrides is more intense in the case of the N-enriched alloyed layer, as it was also proved via X-ray Diffraction. The alloyed layers are susceptible to pitting corrosion in 3.5% NaCl or 1 N H 2 SO 4 . The alloyed layer produced with nitrogen mixture gas is slightly more noble than the one produced with pure Ar. The metallic-ferritic matrix corrodes in 6% FeCl 3 * 6H 2 O leaving TiB 2 particles protruding from the matrix. The wear performance of both TiB 2 MMC depends on the counterbody (tool steel or alumina ball).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion and Wear Properties of Composite Coatings Reinforced with Particles Produced by PTA on Steel Substrate in Different Atmospheres

et al. 2012

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“…7,26 As shown in Figure 4, even with just simple polishing of the tool surface, a low and stable coefficient of friction can be achieved, and the galling resistance can be greatly improved. Rough surfaces (R a > 0.25 μm) result in high and unstable friction, but above all in the almost immediate transfer of work material to the tool surface.…”

Section: Cold Sheet-metal Formingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Switching to pure base oil does not allow more than 10 forming cycles, which are more or less limited to low loads and low deformation rates before adhesion and galling take place (Figure 8a). However, with the application of DLC coatings we can effectively prevent adhesive wear and provide a stable tribological contact with a low coefficient of friction (» 0.1) with a more environmentally friendly base lubricant without any additives, 7 as shown in Figure 8b.…”

Section: 3241mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6 In addition to that, tool replacement and reconditioning often depends on the surface quality of the formed parts. 3,7,8 A smooth, defect-free surface represents a competitive market advantage, but mostly it is more favourable contact conditions and a better wear resistance. The main obstacles to obtaining smooth surfaces are the increased surface roughness and the wear of the tool, especially the adhesive wear and the galling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proper selection and preparation of the surface topography, using techniques like polishing, shot-peening and laser surface texturing, can greatly improve the performance and galling resistance of the forming tools, and thus reduce or even eliminate the need for lubrication. 7,25,26 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wear mechanisms and surface engineering of forming tools

Podgornik¹,

Leskovšek²

2015

Mater. Tehnol.

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The manufacturing of parts is faced with ever-increasing demands for higher strength (hardness) and toughness of the work material, as well as higher productivity and environmental concerns. At the same time, the quality requirements are high and will continue to grow in the future. This leads to restrictions in terms of the type and use of lubricants and especially to increased requirements relating to the wear and fatigue resistance of tools. The main focus on improving the wear resistance and tribological properties of forming tools has mainly been on developing tool steels with an improved fracture toughness and then modifying the lubricants for better retention and permeability at the tool/work-piece contact area. Nevertheless, the wear resistance of forming tools can also be successfully improved by surface-engineering techniques. In recent years, hard coatings in particular have shown enormous potential for improving the tribological properties of contact surfaces. This paper reviews the wear mechanisms encountered in forming processes, as well as various surface-engineering techniques designed to improve the wear resistance and the anti-sticking properties of forming tools. The possible benefits and restrictions of different surface-engineering techniques are presented for the example of sheet-metal forming, fine blanking and forging. Keywords: surface engineering, forming, hard coatings, topography, friction, wear Preoblikovalna industrija se spopada z nenehno nara{~ajo~imi zahtevami po vi{ji trdnosti (trdoti) in`ilavosti preoblikovanih materialov, kakor tudi ve~ji produktivnosti in skrbi za okolje. Isto~asno se pove~ujejo zahteve po kvaliteti izdelkov, kjer predvsem kvaliteta povr{ine postaja vedno bolj pomembna. To pomeni omejitve pri uporabi maziv ter seveda ve~je zahteve po obrabni odpornosti in vzdr`ljivosti preoblikovalnih orodij. Do nedavnega je izbolj{evanje obrabne obstojnosti in tribolo{kih lastnosti preoblikovalnih orodij temeljilo predvsem na razvoju bolj`ilavih in~istej{ih orodnih jekel ter modifikaciji maziv z bolj{imi mazalnimi lastnostmi. V zadnjih letih pa tudi na podro~ju preoblikovalnih orodij tehnike in`eniringa povr{in, {e posebej nanos trdih za{~itnih prevlek, omogo~ajo nadaljnje izbolj{anje tribolo{kih lastnosti kontaktnih povr{in. V prispevku so tako predstavljeni obrabni mehanizmi, ki so jim izpostavljena preoblikovalna orodja, kakor tudi razli~ne tehnike in`eniringa povr{ine, namenjene izbolj{anju obrabne obstojnosti in tornih lastnosti preoblikovalnih orodij. Problemi in prednosti uporabe in`eniringa povr{ine so poudarjene na primeru hladnega preoblikovanja plo~evine, {tancanja in kovanja.

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Galling resistance evaluation of tool steels by two different laboratory test methods for sheet metal forming

Karlsson

Eriksson

Gåård

et al. 2012

Lubrication Science

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Adhesive accumulation of work material on the tool surface is today a major problem in many sheet metal‐forming applications. Different laboratory test methods are used to investigate galling with respect to different tool materials, lubricants and process conditions. In the present study, the galling resistance of a modern nitrogen‐alloyed powder metallurgy tool steel and an conventional ingot cast D2 type tool steel was evaluated under lubricated sliding against ferritic stainless steel sheets using a commercial pin‐on‐disc (POD) and an in‐house made slider‐on‐flat‐surface (SOFS) tribotester. The investigated tool steels ranked similarly in terms of galling resistanc in both test methods. However, sliding distances to galling were longer for the SOFS equipment due to continuous sliding on new lubricated sheet surface. Best performance was demonstrated by the powder metallurgy tool steel treated to 65 HRC. Differences in friction behaviour and galling initiation were analysed on the basis of the two different working conditions, i.e. open (SOFS) and closed (POD) tribosystems. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Influence of surface roughness and coating type on the galling properties of coated forming tool steel

Cited by 130 publications

References 11 publications

Corrosion and Wear Properties of Composite Coatings Reinforced with Particles Produced by PTA on Steel Substrate in Different Atmospheres

Corrosion and Wear Properties of Composite Coatings Reinforced with Particles Produced by PTA on Steel Substrate in Different Atmospheres

Wear mechanisms and surface engineering of forming tools

Galling resistance evaluation of tool steels by two different laboratory test methods for sheet metal forming

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