Influence of surface modification of fillers and polymer on flammability and tensile behaviour of polypropylene-composites

Abstract

An intumescent system consisting of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as an acid source and blowing agent, pentaerythritol (PER) as a carbonific agent and natural zeolite (clinoptilolite, Go¨rdes II) as a synergistic agent was used in this study to enhance flame retardancy of polypropylene (FR-PP). Zeolite was incorporated into flame retardant formulation at four different concentrations (1, 2, 5, and 10 wt%) to investigate synergism with the flame retardant materials. Filler content was fixed at 30 wt% of total amounts of flame retardant PP composites. Zeolite and APP were treated with two different coupling agents namely, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol and (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane for investigation of the influence of surface treatments on mechanical properties and flame retardant performance of composites. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was used for making polypropylene hydrophilic. Flammability of FR-PP composites was measured by the determination of limiting oxygen index (LOI). The LOI values reached to a maximum value of 41% for mercapto silane treated APP:PER (2:1) PP composite containing 5 wt% zeolite. The tensile strength of composites was increased by the addition of MAPP and elongation at break of composites was increased with silane treatments.

Enhanced gas permeation performance of polyethersulfone mixed matrix hollow fiber membranes using novel Dynasylan Ameo silane agent

“…Coagulant temperature ( • C) 25 13 Drying procedure 2 days in water at room temperature 4 h in methanol at room temperature 2 days air dry at room temperature ticle size was 2 m. In order to remove the adsorbed water vapor or other organic vapors, all zeolite particles were dehydrated at 300 • C for 3 h before use.…”

“…The silicon at the centre is connected to two different functional groups; the organophilic amino group (NH 2 ) and the ethoxy group (C 2 H 5 O). Surface treatment of zeolites with DA silane coupling agent was carried out to produce silanol groups through hydrolysis reaction [13]. Silanol groups, a product of a hydrolysis reaction, react with hydroxyl groups found on zeolite surfaces to form siloxane bonds (-Si-O-zeolite) through a condensation reaction.…”

Preparation and characterization of vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) modified silicalite-1/PDMS hybrid pervaporation membrane and its application in ethanol separation from dilute aqueous solution

“…Silane coupling agents have a general formula of YSi(OR) 3 , where R and Y stand for a hydrolysable group (methyl or ethyl) and a non-hydrolysable organofunctional group (amino, methacrylate, mercapto or vinyl groups), capable of interaction with fillers and polymers, respectively [31]. The modification is widely used to control adsorption and catalytic properties of the porous materials of zeolites by inactivation of the external surfaces and reduction of pore size.…”

Synergistic effects of sepiolite on intumescent flame retardant polypropylene

“…In general, the poor water resistance and compatibility with PP matrix of traditional IFR system based on ammonium polyphosphate (APP), melamine and pentaerythritol restrict its application. Demir et al [34] found that surface modification of APP with 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol coupling agent can improve its water resistance and the compatibility. So, the IFR system based on APP modified with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane coupling agent was used as flame retardant in this paper.…”