Influence of Stratospheric Sudden Warming on AIRS Midtropospheric CO2

Jiang, Xun; Wang, Jingqian; Olsen, E. T.; Pagano, Thomas S.; Chen, Luke L.; Yung, Yuk L.

doi:10.1175/jas-d-13-064.1

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Surface CO 2 values are lower in the NH polar region than those at midlatitudes in January because the largest fossil fuel emissions sources are at midlatitudes [ Oda and Maksyutov , 2011; Boden et al , ], and CO 2 biospheric respiration is suppressed by the low temperature and snow/ice cover in the polar region. The midtropospheric CO 2 values are lower in the NH polar region than those at midlatitudes during this season, which is partly related to the transport of stratospheric low‐CO 2 air into the midtroposphere over the NH polar region [ Jiang et al , ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO₂ annual and semiannual cycles from multiple satellite retrievals and models

Jiang

Crisp

Olsen

et al. 2016

Earth and Space Science

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Satellite CO 2 retrievals from the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT), Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), and Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) and in situ measurements from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration -Earth System Research Laboratory (NOAA-ESRL) Surface CO 2 and Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) are utilized to explore the CO 2 variability at different altitudes. A multiple regression method is used to calculate the CO 2 annual cycle and semiannual cycle amplitudes from different data sets. The CO 2 annual cycle and semiannual cycle amplitudes for GOSAT X CO2 and TCCON X CO2 are consistent but smaller than those seen in the NOAA-ESRL surface data. The CO 2 annual and semiannual cycles are smallest in the AIRS midtropospheric CO 2 compared with other data sets in the Northern Hemisphere. The amplitudes for the CO 2 annual cycle and semiannual cycle from GOSAT, TES, and AIRS CO 2 are small and comparable to each other in the Southern Hemisphere. Similar regression analysis is applied to the Model for OZone And Related chemical Tracers-2 and CarbonTracker model CO 2 . The convolved model CO 2 annual cycle and semiannual cycle amplitudes are similar to those from the satellite CO 2 retrievals, although the models tend to underestimate the CO 2 seasonal cycle amplitudes in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes and underestimate the CO 2 semiannual cycle amplitudes in the high latitudes. These results can be used to better understand the vertical structures for the CO 2 annual cycle and semiannual cycle and help identify deficiencies in the models, which are very important for the carbon budget study.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO₂ annual and semiannual cycles from multiple satellite retrievals and models

Jiang

Crisp

Olsen

et al. 2016

Earth and Space Science

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“…The AIRS radiance spectra also contain information on spatial and temporal variability and in long-lived climate forcers such as methane (CH 4 ) [51][52][53][54][55][56][57], carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) [58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67], and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) [68]. AIRS observations have provided evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia (NH 3 ) concentrations from 2002 to 2016 over several of the world's major agricultural regions [69].…”

Section: Other Composition Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder

Pagano

Payne

2021

Handbook of Air Quality and Climate Change

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Launched in May 2002, the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) measures the upwelling radiance of the atmosphere in 2378 spectral channels ranging from 3.75 to 15.4 μm with spectral resolution sufficient to provide detailed profiles of atmospheric temperature, water vapor, and trace gas species including O 3 , CO, SO 2 , CH 4 , CO 2 , N 2 O, and NH 3 . AIRS provided the first hyperspectral radiances to be assimilated into the operational weather forecast, and they continue to be assimilated into forecast models at NWP centers worldwide. AIRS provides a nearly circular 13.5 km footprint at nadir with a wide AE48.95 scan leading to global daily coverage for most places on Earth. This rapid revisit enables AIRS to provide critical data regarding atmospheric constituents in near real time, including location and concentration of mid-tropospheric CO from fires and SO 2 from volcanic plumes. AIRS O 3 products have been used to quantify the role of stratospheric intrusions and long-range pollution transport in high surface ozone events. The AIRS radiance spectra also contain information on longlived climate forcers such as methane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O), and CFC-11. AIRS has been shown to have good sensitivity to near surface concentrations of atmospheric ammonia, NH 3 . With a multi-decadal

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“…Therefore, this kind of true state does not have any spatial‐temporal variability, i.e., zero‐variate as characterized by a zero covariance S c . This definition‐related analysis is helpful for snapshot‐measurement event, e.g., it is useful to detect local abnormal (non‐Gaussian with time/location) sources/sinks of CO 2 or other GHG [e.g., Kuai et al ., ; Su et al ., ; Jiang et al ., ]. In contrast, the framework in sections 2‐3 does not work for this non‐Gaussian situation since it requires a Gaussian statistics for the true state.…”

Section: The Scenario For a Zero‐variate True Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing accuracy and precision for space‐based measurements of carbon dioxide: An associated statistical methodology revisited

Yung

Shia

et al. 2017

Earth and Space Science

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Analyzing retrieval accuracy and precision is an important element of space-based CO 2 retrievals. However, this error analysis is sometimes challenging to perform rigorously because of the subtlety of Multivariate Statistics. To help address this issue, we revisit some fundamentals of Multivariate Statistics that help reveal the statistical essence of the associated error analysis. We show that the related statistical methodology is useful for revealing the intrinsic discrepancy and relation between the retrieval error for a nonzero-variate CO 2 state and that for a zero-variate one. Our study suggests that the two scenarios essentially yield the same-magnitude accuracy, while the latter scenario yields a better precision than the former. We also use this methodology to obtain a rigorous framework systematically and explore a broadly used approximate framework for analyzing CO 2 retrieval errors. The approximate framework introduces errors due to an essential, but often forgotten, fact that a priori climatology in reality is never equal to the true state. Due to the nature of the problem considered, realistic numerical simulations that produce synthetic spectra may be more appropriate than remote sensing data for our specific exploration. As highlighted in our retrieval simulations, utilizing the approximate framework may not be universally satisfactory in assessing the accuracy and precision of Xco 2 retrievals (with errors up to 0.17-0.28 ppm and 1.4-1.7 ppm, respectively, at SNR = 400). In situ measurements of CO 2 are needed to further our understanding of this issue and related implications.

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Influence of Stratospheric Sudden Warming on AIRS Midtropospheric CO2

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

CO₂ annual and semiannual cycles from multiple satellite retrievals and models

CO₂ annual and semiannual cycles from multiple satellite retrievals and models

The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder

Assessing accuracy and precision for space‐based measurements of carbon dioxide: An associated statistical methodology revisited

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Influence of Stratospheric Sudden Warming on AIRS Midtropospheric CO2

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

CO2 annual and semiannual cycles from multiple satellite retrievals and models

CO2 annual and semiannual cycles from multiple satellite retrievals and models

The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder

Assessing accuracy and precision for space‐based measurements of carbon dioxide: An associated statistical methodology revisited

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

CO₂ annual and semiannual cycles from multiple satellite retrievals and models

CO₂ annual and semiannual cycles from multiple satellite retrievals and models