Influence of Storage Duration on the State of the Prooxidant-Antioxidant System of Seed Tissues of Fagopyrum Esculentum L.

Abstract

Relevance of the research. The content of antioxidants in food products depends significantly on the conditions and period of their storage. A decrease in the content of antioxidants in the body leads to an increase in the number of pro-oxidants represented by active forms of oxygen, other free radicals and their transformation products. An increase in the content of free radicals leads to the destruction of biologically active substances synthesized by our body and obtained from food products, which causes a decrease in the nutritional value of products, their metabolic capacity, and therefore their usefulness.Aim of the research: to identify patterns of changes in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in the tissues of Fagopyrum esculentum L. seeds, depending on the terms of storage of plant products.Research materials and methods. The basic level of superoxide generation, the content of TBA-active products, changes in the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, cytochrome oxidase, the concentration of ascorbic acid and glutathione in the tissues of Fagopyrum esculentum L. seeds were measured. Biochemical indicators were recorded monthly for 1 year.Research results. The average decrease in catalase activity in the tissues of Fagopyrum esculentum L. seeds, with an increase in the storage period up to 12 months, is on average 68%, for SOD -46%, for cytochrome oxidase -84% from the initial level. The decrease in the concentration of ascorbic acid at the end of exposure is 58%, GSH -71%. The increase in the content of the superoxide anion radical is 38%, TBА-active products are 14%. Conclusion.As the seed storage period increases, the activity of enzyme antioxidants decreases, the content of low molecular weight antioxidants decreases, the level of generation of active forms of oxygen and the level of free radical damage to biomolecules increases. A jump in the decrease in antioxidant activity and increase in pro-oxidant activity occurs at 9-10 months of storage. The percentage of increase in the level of free radical peroxidation and decrease in antioxidant protection with increasing tissue storage time depends on the value of the starting level of indicators of the state of the pro-oxidant-antioxidant system.