Influence of stage of maturity on the nutritive value of Italian ryegrasses

Hides, D. H.; Lovatt, J. A.; Hayward, Margaret V.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1983.tb01619.x

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…DMD declines and milling resistance increases progressively as herbage matures, particularly in flowering stems (Hides et al ., 1983) . The production of non-flowering strains has long been considered (Peterson et al ., 1958) but no-one yet has found a practical method of inducing non-flowering plants to flower for seed multiplication .…”

Section: Main Breeding Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding perennial ryegrass for agriculture

1991

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Perennial ryegrass has become the most widely sown perennial forage grass in temperate regions due to its combination of high digestibility and tolerance of grazing . The primary objectives in breeding for agricultural use are to improve total and seasonal dry matter production over a range of fertiliser inputs, digestibility, persistency, freezing tolerance and drought or heat tolerance . Adequate seed production and resistance to a wide range of diseases and pests is also necessary . Improvements in productivity and persistency so far have been achieved mainly by hybridisation and recurrent selection using the polycross method and by the use of polyploidy . Further improvements in freezing tolerance, drought and heat tolerance and, for some localities, resistance to pests and snow moulds are required to extend the geographic range of the species . Modern cultivars show little improvement in leaf or stem digestibility but a high magnesium variety is now available .Perennial ryegrass breeding is at an early stage and prospects for further progress appear good .

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Section: Main Breeding Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding perennial ryegrass for agriculture

1991

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“…Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., IRG) is one of the representative winter forage crops in South Korea that is commonly sowed in autumn and mostly harvested in May (Hides et al 1983;Seo 2005). Italian ryegrass is preferred by farmers as it has high feed value, high acceptability and palatability to animals (Ghesqui ere et al 1996;Jung et al 1996;Ishii et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing Italian ryegrass yield prediction model based on climatic data by locations in South Korea

Peng

Kim

et al. 2017

Grassland Science

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A yield prediction model for Italian ryegrass (IRG) was constructed based on climatic data by locations in South Korea using a general linear model. The sample size of the final dataset was 312 during 25 years. The forage crop and climatic data were collected from the reports of two national research projects on forage crops and Korean meteorological administration, respectively. Five optimal climatic variables were selected through the stepwise multiple regression analysis with dry matter yield (DMY) as the response variable. Subsequently, three climatic variables were selected after considering the interpretability of the five variables. The three selected climatic variables were spring accumulated temperature, mean temperature in January and spring rainfall days. Then, the yield prediction model was constructed based on these three climatic variables using general linear model with the cultivated locations as dummy variables. The model constructed in this research could explain 73.6% of variation in DMY of IRG. The goodness‐of‐fit of the model was tested through residual diagnostics and 10‐fold cross‐validation. For climatic variables, the high partial eta squared value of spring accumulated temperature and spring rainfall may reflect the growth characteristics that spring is the main growing period for IRG and IRG has strong waterlogging tolerance and weak drought tolerance. The results may also support the possibility to sow IRG in the subsequent spring if autumnal seeding was missed in South Korea.

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“…Plant growth rates increase as perennial ryegrass (Terry and Tilley, 1964; Hides et al ., 1983) and annual ryegrass (Wilman and Altimimi, 1982) plants develop from a vegetative to reproductive stage and forage quality declines (Davies, 1969; Hacker and Minson, 1981). Ideally, harvest for forage conservation should optimize both DM yield and forage quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of accumulation period and harvest date in spring on dry‐matter yield and forage quality in mixed swards containing Lolium spp. and Trifolium subterraneum in Western Australia

Callow

Baker

Hough

2001

Grass and Forage Science

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The object of this study was to determine the effect of closing date and date of harvest for conservation (accumulation period), on dry‐matter (DM) yield and forage quality of annual pasture in Western Australia. The field study comprised 48 plots, 2 m × 2 m, sown with either annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) or Italian ryegrass (L. multiflorum Lam.), and mixed with subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.). Defoliation of swards until the end of winter was at the three leaves tiller–1 stage. In spring, once stem nodal development had commenced, swards were defoliated every 3–4 weeks. Swards were defoliated either twice with three leaves tiller–1 (accumulation period 1 commenced on 15 August); twice with three leaves tiller–1 and then once after 4 weeks (accumulation period 2 commenced on 11 September); twice with three leaves tiller–1 and then twice after 4‐week intervals (accumulation period 3 commenced on 9 October) or; twice with 3 leaves tiller–1 and then twice after 4‐week intervals and then once after 3 weeks (accumulation period 4 commenced on 30 October). From the commencement of the accumulation period, tiller density, DM yield and forage quality were determined weekly for up to 10 weeks. There was a positive quadratic association between DM yield and days after the commencement of the accumulation period. Yields were maximized from accumulation period 1 with 5·3, 6·6 and 9·5 t DM ha–1, and growth rates were 140, 128 and 145 kg DM ha–1 d–1, for Wimmera annual ryegrass and Richmond and Concord cultivars of Italian ryegrass respectively. In contrast, in vitro dry‐matter digestibility (IVDMD) and crude protein (CP) content were negatively associated with days after the commencement of the accumulation period, and initial values were greater than 0·80 and 180 g kg DM–1 for IVDMD and CP content respectively. The rate of decline in IVDMD d–1 for Wimmera annual ryegrass was 0·005, 0·019 and 0·012 d–1 for accumulation periods 1, 2 and 3, respectively, while for Italian ryegrass cultivars Richmond was 0·015, 0·011, 0·02 and 0·012 d–1 and Concord was 0·014, 0·009, 0·013 and 0·01 d–1, for the 4 accumulation periods respectively. It is recommended that annual and Italian ryegrass pastures be harvested between 10% and 20% inflorescence emergence when IVDMD will exceed 0·70 regardless of cultivar and/or defoliation practice prior to the commencement of the accumulation period.

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Influence of stage of maturity on the nutritive value of Italian ryegrasses

Cited by 35 publications

References 12 publications

Breeding perennial ryegrass for agriculture

Breeding perennial ryegrass for agriculture

Constructing Italian ryegrass yield prediction model based on climatic data by locations in South Korea

The effect of accumulation period and harvest date in spring on dry‐matter yield and forage quality in mixed swards containing Lolium spp. and Trifolium subterraneum in Western Australia

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