Influence of sputtering power on oxygen reduction reaction activity of zirconium oxides prepared by radio frequency reactive sputtering

Liu, Yan; Ishihara, Akimitsu; Mitsushima, Shigenori; Ota, Ken Ichiro

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2009.10.042

Cited by 46 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…We revealed that ZrO 2-x prepared by sputtering with ZrO 2 target under Ar atmosphere had a clear catalytic activity for the ORR [86][87][88]. The oxygen reduction current of the sputtered ZrO 2-x was observed below 0.9 V vs. RHE in 0.1 mol dm −3 H 2 SO 4 at 30 • C. Other metal oxides such as Co 3 O 4−x , TiO 2−x , SnO 2−x , and Nb 2 O 5−x prepared by sputtering also showed ORR activity.…”

Section: Introduction Of Surface Oxygen Defectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Progress in non-precious metal oxide-based cathode for polymer electrolyte fuel cells

Ishihara

Ohgi

Matsuzawa

et al. 2010

Electrochimica Acta

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169

105

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Section: Introduction Of Surface Oxygen Defectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Progress in non-precious metal oxide-based cathode for polymer electrolyte fuel cells

Ishihara

Ohgi

Matsuzawa

et al. 2010

Electrochimica Acta

Self Cite

169

105

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“…10 In order to increase the very low catalyst dispersion (i.e., the electrochemically active surface area per gram of catalyst) obtained with the above synthesis approaches, methods to synthesize highly dispersed Zr oxide nanoparticles supported on carbon black were investigated. 12,[17][18][19] For these materials, the ORR activity was correlated with synthesis-specific parameters, such as temperature, gas composition, and heat-treatment time during synthesis, 4,5,9,[20][21][22][23] but a systematic quantitative comparison of the effect of the synthesis conditions on the ORR activity has not yet been conducted and is subject of the present work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

ZrO₂Based Oxygen Reduction Catalysts for PEMFCs: Towards a Better Understanding

Mittermeier

Madkikar

Wang

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity of ZrO 2 based, carbon-supported nanoparticles is not conclusively reported in literature. This study examines the dependence of the ORR activity on the used precursors as well as on the heat-treatment atmosphere and temperature. We further determine the ORR activation energy and the ORR mechanism. Various precursors containing Zr and/or N were employed in the synthesis, and the ORR activity was measured by rotating (ring) disk electrode (R(R)DE) voltammetry in both acidic and alkaline electrolyte as well as by measurements in a single-cell polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) configuration. We show that even the most active ZrO 2 based ORR catalysts exhibit an activity gap of ca. two orders of magnitude compared to the DOE target of 300 A/cm 3 for PGM-free ORR catalysts, thus requiring further development. Our RRDE analysis suggests a primarily 2-electron ORR mechanism in the case of the tested catalysts in acid, which in turn provides a consistent temperature dependence between RDE and PEMFC experiments, allowing also for a mechanistic (re-) interpretation of experimental results in the literature.

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“…We previously described the acidic stability and catalytic ORR activity of a number of materials, including tantalum-doped tungsten carbide, 15 tantalum oxynitride, [16][17][18] zirconium oxide, [19][20][21] titanium oxide, 22 zirconium oxynitride, 23,24 tantalum carbonitride, 25 and tantalum-oxide or zirconium-oxide-based compounds. [26][27][28] Recently, we revealed that zirconium oxide-based compounds prepared from oxy-zirconium phthalocyanine by heat treatment under low oxygen partial pressure showed high ORR activity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Reheating Treatment on Oxygen-Reduction Activity and Stability of Zirconium Oxide-Based Electrocatalysts Prepared from Oxy-Zirconium Phthalocyanine for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Okada

Ishihara

Matsumoto

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Zirconium oxide-based electrocatalysts with multi-walled carbon nanotubes as electroconductive support (ZrC x N y O z /MWCNT) were prepared by oxidation of oxy-zirconium phthalocyanine under low oxygen partial pressure and examined as new non-platinum cathodes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells. The effect of reheating treatment of ZrC x N y O z /MWCNT in the temperature range from 900 to 1200 • C for 1 h under nitrogen atmosphere on the activity and stability of the oxygen-reduction reaction (ORR) was investigated. The reheating treatment at 1000 • C enhanced the ORR activity because of the formation of oxygen vacancies, which might act as active sites for the ORR. The reheating treatment at temperatures above 1100 • C, however, led to the formation of carbonitrides which are unstable under cathode conditions, resulting in decrease in the ORR activity. The reheating treatment significantly increased the durability of ORR at both low (0.6 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) and high (1.2 V) potential.The reheating treatment at higher temperatures promoted graphitization of the deposited carbon. Because the degradation in the high-potential region mainly originates from corrosion of the carbon materials, graphitization would be effective to improve the durability.

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Influence of sputtering power on oxygen reduction reaction activity of zirconium oxides prepared by radio frequency reactive sputtering

Cited by 46 publications

References 22 publications

Progress in non-precious metal oxide-based cathode for polymer electrolyte fuel cells

Progress in non-precious metal oxide-based cathode for polymer electrolyte fuel cells

ZrO₂Based Oxygen Reduction Catalysts for PEMFCs: Towards a Better Understanding

Effect of Reheating Treatment on Oxygen-Reduction Activity and Stability of Zirconium Oxide-Based Electrocatalysts Prepared from Oxy-Zirconium Phthalocyanine for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

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Influence of sputtering power on oxygen reduction reaction activity of zirconium oxides prepared by radio frequency reactive sputtering

Cited by 46 publications

References 22 publications

Progress in non-precious metal oxide-based cathode for polymer electrolyte fuel cells

Progress in non-precious metal oxide-based cathode for polymer electrolyte fuel cells

ZrO2Based Oxygen Reduction Catalysts for PEMFCs: Towards a Better Understanding

Effect of Reheating Treatment on Oxygen-Reduction Activity and Stability of Zirconium Oxide-Based Electrocatalysts Prepared from Oxy-Zirconium Phthalocyanine for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

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ZrO₂Based Oxygen Reduction Catalysts for PEMFCs: Towards a Better Understanding