Influence of sonication conditions and wrapping type on yield and fluorescent quality of noncovalently functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes

Kallmyer, Nathaniel E.; Huynh, Trinh; Graves, Joseph Connor; Musielewicz, Joseph; Tamiev, Denis; Reuel, Nigel F.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2018.07.028

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For example, SWCNT length could result in the SWCNT-driven nature of irreversible adsorption noted here because portions of relatively long SWCNTs are inhibited from interacting with a curved gel surface without bending of the tube. 29 Additionally, the cutting process inherent to tip-horn sonication 52,69,70 may render some SWCNTs with oxidative sidewall defects, 71,72 which may affect the way in which surfactant molecules assemble on their surface 73,74 or impart sidewall charge on the tube. 75 Finally, molecular dynamics simulations have predicted that the orientation of SDS molecules on the SWCNT sidewall is inherently dynamic and inhomogeneous, 76,77 which may lead to some individual tubes exhibiting more effective charge than others of the same chirality during gel interaction.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism and Mitigation of Irreversible Material Loss within Gel-Based Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Purification Schemes

et al. 2021

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Sephacryl-based separation of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) has afforded the enrichment of samples according to both type (metal/semiconducting) and band structure (chirality). However, Sephacryl-based procedures suffer from low process efficiency, in that some of the purified SWCNTs remain irreversibly bound on the gel. This work focuses on the elucidation of mechanistic aspects relating to the irreversible retention of SWCNT by Sephacryl S200 and identification of strategies to reduce material loss. By probing system parameters such as SWCNT or sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentration during adsorption, loading ratio (number of SWCNTs vs. number of gel binding sites), and the effect of kosmotropic additives on process elution efficiency, this work identifies inhomogeneous features belonging to SWCNTs as the primary factor which promotes their irreversible retention. Process elution efficiency is found to be negatively correlated with increased SDS surfactant concentration and increased SWNT loading, and methods are identified to mitigate material losses in Sephacryl-based SWCNT separation schemes. Application of NaF, a strong kosmotropic agent, to elute SWCNTs from Sephacryl is found to increase process elution efficiency from 54% to 88% compared to SDS surfactant alone. Collectively, this work both improves upon and provides valuable insight into the purification of SWNT with Sephacryl.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism and Mitigation of Irreversible Material Loss within Gel-Based Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Purification Schemes

et al. 2021

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“…Prior to testing sensors, the suspension process for PC-SWNT was optimized based on a central composite designed experiment (more details in Supplement 1), as initial attempts to suspend PC-SWNT yielded sensors which failed to uoresce signi cantly above background, and sonication parameters had been demonstrated in a prior study to strongly in uence starting signal intensity 24 . Optimal preparation conditions were achieved with maximum lipid concentration (20 mg/mL), maximum sonication time (80 min), and minimum sonication power (2 W).…”

Section: Sensor Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Cell Membrane Interactions with Lipid-functionalized Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes

Kallmyer¹,

Eeg²,

Khor³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Membrane-active molecules are of great importance to drug delivery and antimicrobials applications. While the ability to prototype new membrane-active molecules has improved greatly with the advent of automated chemistries and rapid biomolecule expression techniques, testing methods are still limited by throughput, cost, and modularity. Existing methods suffer from feasibility constraints of working with pathogenic, living cells and by intrinsic limitations of model systems. Herein, we demonstrate an abiotic sensor that uses semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) as near infrared fluorescent transducers to report membrane interactions. This sensor is comprised of SWNT aqueously suspended in a phospholipid monolayer; these SWNT probes are very sensitive to solvent access (changes in permittivity) and thus report morphological changes to the membrane by modulation of fluorescent signal where binding and disruption are reported as brightening and attenuation, respectively. This mechanism is first demonstrated with chemical and physical membrane-disruptive agents including ethanol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and application of electrical pulses. Known cell-penetrating and antimicrobial peptides are then used to demonstrate how the dynamic response of these sensors can be deconvoluted to evaluate different, parallel mechanisms of interaction. Lastly, SWNT functionalized in several different bacterial lipopolysaccharides (P aeruginosa, K pneumoniae, and E coli) are used to evaluate a panel of known membrane-disrupting antimicrobials to demonstrate that drug selectivity can be assessed by suspension of SWNT with different membrane materials.

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“…Without surface functionalization, SWCNTs are hydrophobic and tend to bundle due to strong van der Waals attraction forces [48]. In order to form a colloidal suspension of individually dispersed SWCNTs, they are usually non-covalently functionalized with amphiphilic molecules or polymers by sonication [18,[48][49][50][51][52]. Proper surface functionalization can render them biocompatible, and thus, suitable for numerous biomedical applications, including sensing, drug delivery, nanoinjection, phototherapy, imaging, or artificial actuation [13,30,51,.…”

Section: Swcnts Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Protein Detection

Hendler‐Neumark

Bisker

2019

Sensors

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Nanosensors have a central role in recent approaches to molecular recognition in applications like imaging, drug delivery systems, and phototherapy. Fluorescent nanoparticles are particularly attractive for such tasks owing to their emission signal that can serve as optical reporter for location or environmental properties. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) fluoresce in the near-infrared part of the spectrum, where biological samples are relatively transparent, and they do not photobleach or blink. These unique optical properties and their biocompatibility make SWCNTs attractive for a variety of biomedical applications. Here, we review recent advancements in protein recognition using SWCNTs functionalized with either natural recognition moieties or synthetic heteropolymers. We emphasize the benefits of the versatile applicability of the SWCNT sensors in different systems ranging from single-molecule level to in-vivo sensing in whole animal models. Finally, we discuss challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives.

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Influence of sonication conditions and wrapping type on yield and fluorescent quality of noncovalently functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Mechanism and Mitigation of Irreversible Material Loss within Gel-Based Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Purification Schemes

Mechanism and Mitigation of Irreversible Material Loss within Gel-Based Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Purification Schemes

Detection of Cell Membrane Interactions with Lipid-functionalized Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes

Fluorescent Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Protein Detection

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