Influence of solvents on radiation-induced graft copolymerization of acrylamide into polyethylene films

Gupta, Bhuvanesh; Anjum, Nishat; Gupta, A. P.

doi:10.1002/1097-4628(20000808)77:6<1401::aid-app28>3.0.co;2-t

Cited by 44 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…PE‐ g ‐PAAm membranes with different degrees of grafting were synthesized by graft polymerization of acrylamide onto PE films (prepared from the chips of grade F‐19010 and MFI 1.0) by a preirradiation method using a Co 60 γ‐ray source (900 Curies) as reported previously 22, 23. The γ‐irradiation was carried out under air at a radiation dose rate of 0.36 kGy/h.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, we reported the grafting of acrylamide onto PE films by a preirradiation method to develop membranes for the separation of toxic metals from textile waste water 22, 23. It was observed that the presence of a grafted PAAm component leads to significant changes in the surface morphology as well as to the bulk structure of membranes, which may subsequently influence the performance of these membranes in metal ion separation 24, 25.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Preparation of ion‐exchange membranes by hydrolysis of radiation‐grafted polyethylene‐g‐polyacrylamide membranes

Gupta¹,

Anjum

2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polyethylene-g-polyacrylamide membranes were prepared by graft polymerization of acrylamide onto polyethylene films using a preirradiation method. The ionexchange membranes were obtained by the hydrolysis of grafted films so as to transform amide groups into carboxyl groups. The fraction of amide groups transformed into carboxyl groups was limited to ϳ0.5. The characterization and thermal behavior of membranes with different degrees of grafting were evaluated by FTIR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The heat of fusion and the crystallinity of polyethylene decreased considerably in the hydrolyzed membranes depending on the degree of grafting. It was found that the grafting of acrylamide led to the reduction in crystallinity due to disruption of the crystallites (crystal defects) and dilution of the inherent crystallinity (dilution effect). The contribution of the hydrolysis step to the crystallinity decrease was negligible. The thermal stability of the membranes as obtained from TGA showed considerable enhancement after hydrolysis.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of ion‐exchange membranes by hydrolysis of radiation‐grafted polyethylene‐g‐polyacrylamide membranes

Gupta¹,

Anjum

2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As shown in Figure 2, the good solvent for styrene and polystyrene exhibited a lower grafting ability, while the poor solvent exhibited a higher grafting ability. [40][41][42][43] For instance, the methanol plus methlyene chloride, a good solvent for styrene, exhibited a lower grafting of 12% for the PVDF films. In contrast, the tetrahydrofuran, a poor solvent for styrene, showed a higher grafting of 36.5% for the PVDF films.…”

Section: Effect Of the Grafting Solvents Degree Of Grafting And Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and evaluation of commercial poly (vinylidene fluoride)‐g‐sulfonatedPolystyrene as proton exchange membrane

Abdel-Hady

Abdel-Hamed

Awad

et al. 2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The possibility of developing low-cost commercial grafted and sulfonated Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF-g-PSSA) membranes as proton exchange membranes for fuel cell applications have been investigated. PVDF-g-PSSA membranes were systematically prepared and examined with the focus of understanding how the polymer microstructure (degree of grafting and sulfonation, ion-exchange capacity, etc) affects their methanol permeability, water uptake, and proton conductivity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the changes of the membrane's microstructure after grafting and sulfonation. The results showed that the PVDF-g-PSSA membranes exhibited good thermal stability and lower methanol permeability.The proton conductivity of PVDF-g-PSSA membranes was also measured by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method. It was found that the proton conductivity of PVDF-g-PSSA membranes depends on the degree of sulfonation. All the sulfonated membranes show high proton conductivity at 92°C, in the range of 27 to 235 mScm, which is much higher than that of Nafion212 (102 mScm −1 at 80°C). The results indicated that the PVDF-g-PSSA membranesare particularly promising membranes to be used as polymer electrolyte membranes due to their excellent stability, low methanol permeability, and high proton conductivity. has high stability and good proton conductivity in low temperatures and high relative-humidity conditions. However, the Nafion-based PEM is expensive, and its conductivity showed reduction at higher temperatures (>80°C) and low humidity (<40%) conditions. A lot of studies have been performed with the goal of developing alternative membranes, focusing on the reduction of the methanol permeability. Some of them have worked on developing new synthetic polymeric membranes that have ionic clusters, [14][15][16][17] or the modification of the Nafion membranes by surface treatment or by blending them with other

show abstract

“…20 The effect of solvents on the radiation-induced graft copolymerization reactions during membrane preparation has been subjected to many studies. [21][22][23][24] In an exhaustive study, Garnet and Martin 25 reported the effect of a large number of solvents on simultaneous radiation-induced graft copolymerization of 2-vinyl pyridine, 4-vinyl pyridine, and 2 methyl 5-vinyl pyridine onto cellulose. Solvents having functional groups containing nitrogen or/ and oxygen ensured high grafting efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of solvents in radiation‐induced grafting of 4‐vinyl pyridine onto fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer

Rath

Palai

Rao

et al. 2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A wide range of solvents have been examined to find their effect on radiation-induced grafting of 4-vinyl pyridine onto fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer by simultaneous irradiation technique. The effect of solvent on percentage of grafting has been monitored by varying monomer concentration and total dose of radiation. Further grafting results have been correlated with the solubility parameter of the solvent and solvent mixtures. Evidence of grafting has been based on characterization of grafted samples in terms of FTIR, EDAX, X-ray mapping, thermogravimetric analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis. Depth profiling of a few representative grafted films were studied by viewing the cross-sectional distribution of elemental nitrogen using SEM-EDAX. The results suggest that with increase in grafting the grafting front propagates from the surface toward bulk, thus establishing the frontal mechanism of radiation grafting. Furthermore, the grafted films were characterized for their surface properties using contact angle goniometry.

show abstract

Influence of solvents on radiation-induced graft copolymerization of acrylamide into polyethylene films

Cited by 44 publications

References 15 publications

Preparation of ion‐exchange membranes by hydrolysis of radiation‐grafted polyethylene‐g‐polyacrylamide membranes

Preparation of ion‐exchange membranes by hydrolysis of radiation‐grafted polyethylene‐g‐polyacrylamide membranes

Characterization and evaluation of commercial poly (vinylidene fluoride)‐g‐sulfonatedPolystyrene as proton exchange membrane

Effect of solvents in radiation‐induced grafting of 4‐vinyl pyridine onto fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About