Influence of solar wind on ozone and circulation in the middle atmosphere: A model study

Zubov, V. A.; Rozanov, Eugene; Shirochkov, A. V.; Makarova, L. N.; Egorova, ‪Tatiana; Kiselev, A. A.; Ozolin, Y. E.; Karol, I. L.; Schmutz, W.

doi:10.1134/s1028334x06040192

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In a similar publication, Zubov et al (2006) suggested that the absence of Joule heating in the stratosphere in coupled climate models could account for underestimates of the air temperature in the lower stratosphere by 15-20 K. Again, this explanation can no longer be considered realistic given the almost imperceptibly small levels of Joule heating possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The use of parameterizations based on Makarova et al (2004) in numerical modelling work by Zubov et al (2005Zubov et al ( , 2006 produces unrealistic stratospheric warming scenarios and calls the conclusions of those publications into question; there is no supportable evidence, observational or theoretical for significant warming from Joule heating in the stratosphere. The instantaneous stratospheric Joule heating that can result from lightning is three orders of magnitude greater than that due to electric fields resulting from geomagnetic activity, but even this, for the most intense tropical storm it is not great enough to cause any significant warming of the stratosphere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…If we assume that most of this occurs between 90 and 130 km altitude (Ahn and Akasofu, 1983) then the mean Joule heating power input is approximately 1 Â 10 À 6 J m À 3 s À 1 . Makarova et al (2004), Zubov et al (2005Zubov et al ( , 2006 have published results suggesting that Joule heating can also be effective in directly warming the stratosphere, that this can explain discrepancies in polar stratospheric temperatures within chemistry climate models, and that the warming may change the structure of the polar vortex, which would contribute to changes in global climate and weather systems. Makarova et al (2004) calculated the power produced by Joule heating in the polar stratosphere to be typically 180 Â 10 À 6 J m À 3 s À 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The purpose of this commentary is to show that the Joule heating estimates in Makarova et al (2004) are very significantly over-estimated and that the conclusions of Zubov et al (2005Zubov et al ( , 2006 are consequently unrealistic. It re-calculates the Joule heating in the stratosphere to show that it is insignificant as a source of warming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The ineffectiveness of Joule heating in the stratosphere

Jarvis

2010

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The ineffectiveness of Joule heating in the stratosphere

Jarvis

2010

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

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“…The original description of SOCOL is presented more thoroughly in Egorova et al (2005). The CCM SOCOL was applied to investigate the influence of the shortwave solar irradiance variability during the 11-yr solar cycle on the composition and dynamics of the middle and lower atmosphere (Egorova et al, 2004) and to analyze the additional heating of the polar lower stratosphere from galactic cosmic rays and its plausible impact on atmospheric ozone, temperature, and circulation (Zubov et al, 2005(Zubov et al, , 2006. To verify and increase the confidence of the model results the CCM SOCOL participated in the International Chemistry-Climate Model Validation Activity (CCMval-1,2) of the Stratospheric Processes and Their Role in Climate (SPARC) program.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of external factors in the evolution of the ozone layer and stratospheric circulation in 21st century

Zubov¹,

Rozanov²,

Egorova³

et al. 2012

Preprint

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The chemistry-climate model (CCM) SOCOL has been used to evaluate the contribution of the main anthropogenic factors to the simulated changes of ozone and stratospheric dynamics during the 21st century. As the main anthropogenic factors we consider atmospheric concentration of the greenhouse gases (GHG), ozone depleting substances (ODS) and sea surface temperature and sea ice (SST/SI) distribution. The last one is considered here as an independent factor because the majority of the CCMs prescribe its evolution. We have performed three sets of "time-slice" numerical experiments with CCM SOCOL for the years 2000, 2050, and 2100 taking into account all factors separately and all together. It was established that the total column ozone increase during the first half of the 21st century is caused by the ODS, especially in the middle and high latitudes of both hemispheres. In the tropics and the extra tropical region of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) the SST/SI forcing plays very important role in the evolution of ozone atmospheric content during the second half of the 21st century. The GHG affect the temperature and ozone mainly in the upper stratosphere and in the lower stratosphere of the high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere (SH). In the lower tropical stratosphere of the NH the long-term changes of the temperature, zonal wind velocity and the meridional circulation intensity are controlled mainly by the SST/SI. The strong contribution of the SST/SI to the ozone and circulation changes in the future implies that some differences between the simulated results could be caused by the applied SST/SI rather than by the CCM's deficiencies. We suggest taking this issue into account for the planning of the future model evaluation campaigns

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Role of external factors in the evolution of the ozone layer and stratospheric circulation in 21st century

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The chemistry-climate model (CCM) SOCOL has been used to evaluate the contributions of the main anthropogenic factors to the simulated changes of ozone and stratospheric dynamics during the 21st century. As the main anthropogenic factors we consider the atmospheric concentration of the greenhouse gases (GHG), ozone depleting substances (ODS) and sea surface temperature and sea ice (SST/SI). The latter is considered here as an independent factor because the majority of the CCMs prescribe its evolution. We have performed three sets of "time slice" numerical experiments for the years 2000, 2050, and 2100 taking into account all factors separately and all together. The total column ozone increase during the first half of the 21st century is caused by the ODS, especially in the middle and high latitudes of both hemispheres. In the tropics and the extra tropical region of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) the SST/SI forcing plays a very important role in the evolution of atmospheric ozone during the second half of the 21st century. The GHG affect the temperature and ozone mainly in the upper stratosphere and in the lower stratosphere of the high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere (SH). In the lower tropical stratosphere of the NH, the long-term changes of the temperature, zonal wind and the meridional circulation are controlled mainly by the SST/SI. The strong contribution of the SST/SI to the ozone and circulation changes in the future implies that some differences between the results by different CCMs could be caused by the applied SST/SI rather than by the CCM's deficiencies. We suggest taking this issue into account for the planning of the future model evaluation campaigns

show abstract

Influence of solar wind on ozone and circulation in the middle atmosphere: A model study

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

The ineffectiveness of Joule heating in the stratosphere

The ineffectiveness of Joule heating in the stratosphere

Role of external factors in the evolution of the ozone layer and stratospheric circulation in 21st century

Role of external factors in the evolution of the ozone layer and stratospheric circulation in 21st century

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