Influence of soil on the uptake of perfluoroalkyl acids by lettuce: A comparison between a hydroponic study and a field study

Uptake of perfluorinated alkyl acids by crops: results from a field study

“…Radish and lettuce plants grown in the highest exposure level soil were markedly smaller at the time of harvest than those growing in the lower exposure levels, suggesting that the PFAAs had phytotoxic effects (see Fig. S2 † and Felizeter et al 39 ). Results for radish and lettuce from the highest exposure level were therefore not used in the data interpretation.…”

“…The gradient used for separation and the mass transitions as well as other mass spectrometer settings can be found in our previous papers. 35,37,39 The mass spectrometer was equipped with an electrospray ionization interface operating in the negative ionization mode, and it was run in the scheduled MRM-mode.…”

“…This was attributed to lower sorption to the roots surface as a result of competition from other molecules in the pore water and indicates that hydroponic experiments are of limited value for studying accumulation in roots. 39 It has also been suggested that differences in root development between hydroponic and soil growing conditions lead to differences in PFAA accumulation. 40 Despite this wealth of research, there is still limited understanding of the dominant factors controlling uptake of PFAAs from soil into edible plant parts under real-world exposure conditions.…”

Reductive Defluorination and Mechanochemical Decomposition of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs): From Present Knowledge to Future Remediation Concepts

“…After overcoming initial concerns, the worldwide research and investigation of (non)volatile poly- and perfluorinated alkylated compounds with respect to their environmental outcome and human exposure was strongly increased [ 21 ]. PFAS exposure led to the contamination of drinking water systems [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ], river and lake sediments [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ], soils [ 38 , 39 , 40 ], crops [ 41 , 42 , 43 ] and animals [ 44 , 45 , 46 ], as shown by numerous investigations. Moreover, PFASs were detected in deep ocean water samples [ 47 ], in the atmosphere [ 48 ] as well as in the Arctic environment [ 49 ].…”

Trattamenti avanzati per il recupero dei nutrienti nei sistemi acquaponici: verso l’economia circolare dell’urban farming

“…L'idroponicaè una tecnica di coltivazione fuori suolo dalle origini molto antiche, ma che sta riaffiorando negli ultimi decenni. Con questo sistemaè possibile avere una produzione più veloce e qualitativamente superiore rispetto alle tecniche convenzionali 15 , 16 . I sistemi idroponici possono essere realizzati in diversi modi: sia prevedendo la coltivazione di piante in substrati (argilla espansa, lana di roccia ecc.)…”