Influence of soft block crystallization on microstructural variation of double crystalline poly(ether‐
            <i>mb</i>
            ‐amide) multiblock copolymers

Cao, Yi; Zhu, Ping; Wang, Zefan; Zhou, Yong; Chen, Haiming; Müller, Alejandro J.; Wang, Dujin; Dong, Xia

doi:10.1002/pcr2.10012

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The L values decrease from 16.03 nm of TPAE-0.76 to 11.26 nm of TPAE-0.10 with increasing soft content and stay close when copolymers have short-chain Jeffamine D400. The reduction of L in value is owing to the crystallization of polyamide [ 43 , 44 ]. It is proof that short-chain polyetheramine is miscible with polyamide amorphous domain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of Thermoplastic Polyamide Elastomers Based on Amorphous Polyetheramine with Damping Performance

et al. 2021

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Novel thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAEs) consisting of long-chain semicrystalline polyamide 1212 (PA1212) and amorphous polyetheramine were synthesized via one-pot melt polycondensation. The method provides accessible routes to prepare TPAEs with a high tolerance of compatibility between polyamide and polyether oligomers compared with the traditional two-step method. These TPAEs with 10 wt % to 76 wt % of soft content were obtained by reaction of dodecanedioic acid, 1,12-dodecanediamine, and poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) diamine. The structure–property relationships of TPAEs were systematically studied. The chemical structure and the morphologic analyses have revealed that microphase separation occurs in the amorphous region. The TPAEs that have long-chain PPG segments consist of a crystalline polyamide domain, amorphous polyamide-rich domain, and amorphous polyetheramine-rich domain, while the ones containing short-chain PPG segments comprise of a crystalline polyamide domain and miscible amorphous polyamide phase and amorphous polyetheramine phase due to the compatibility between short-chain polyetheramine and amorphous polyamide. These novel TPAEs show good damping performance at low temperature, especially the TPAEs that incorporated 76 wt % and 62 wt % of PPG diamine. The TPAEs exhibit high elastic properties and low residual strain at room temperature. They are lightweight with density between 1.01 and 1.03 g/cm3. The long-chain TPAEs have well-balanced properties of low density, high elastic return, and high shock-absorbing ability. This work provides a route to expand TPAEs to damping materials with special application for sports equipment used in extremely cold conditions such as ski boots.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of Thermoplastic Polyamide Elastomers Based on Amorphous Polyetheramine with Damping Performance

et al. 2021

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“…Poly(ether- mb -amide) (PEBA) copolymer materials are a family of thermoplastic elastomers, consisting of the crystalline polyamide (PA) segments and the rubbery polyether segments. The covalent linkages between the hard and soft segments lead to microphase separation and consequently very small phase domains. − Because of the microphase-separated microstructure, , the phase morphology evolution of PEBA was significantly studied. , The strong intermolecular interactions of the crystalline hard segments provide physical cross-linking sites for the soft domains, imparting excellent resilience for the PEBA materials. Therefore, since being commercialized by Arkema Inc. under the trademark PEBAX in the 1980s, PEBA materials have attracted widespread attention from both academic and industrial communities and have widespread applications in the preparation of fibers, , footwear foam materials, , and so forth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Structure Variation in Poly(ether-mb-amide) Copolymer Foams Induced by Chemi-Crystallization

Cao

Pang

Dong

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The objective of this study was to clarify the cell structure variation of the poly(ether-mb-amide) (PEBA) copolymer with the chemi-crystallization induced via thermal treatment at the melt state. Thermal annealing was conducted using a compression molding machine at the melt state for various times (i.e., 3, 30, 60, 120, and 300 min) to promote chemi-crystallization. The chemical structure change was studied with Fourier transform infrared spectra, and the viscosity change was investigated using a rheometer. The crystallization behavior was studied with differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The PEBA samples were foamed using a two-step batch foaming process, and the cell structure was investigated with a scanning electron microscope. It was found that the chemical structure of PEBA was hardly changed during the thermal treatment, while the complex viscosity was decreased. It was speculated that degradation occurred probably via a random chain scission mode. Thus, the chemicrystallization was promoted for the crystalline segments because of the less suppression from the noncrystalline segments ascribed to the shorter chains. Consequently, three types of cell structures were observed in PEBA: uniform cell structure, bimodal cell structure, and micro/nanosized cells formed within the spherulites. A scheme was presented to interpret the relationship between the cell structure variation and the crystalline states in PEBA samples. The amorphous, partially melted, and unmelted regions were classified during foaming to interpret the formation of the three types of cell structures.

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“…The spherulites with a very small size are observed in a high amount of PA1212 segments (PA2200-PPDO sample) but not in PA624-PPDO, where the spherulite can be hardly observed. The size of spherulite is smaller than that of TPAEs based on PA1012 and PTMG. , Moreover, the crystallinity of TPAEs is relatively low. It may be the reason that the synthesized TPAEs show high elasticity and elastic recovery.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The size of spherulite is smaller than that of TPAEs based on PA1012 and PTMG. 51,52 Moreover, the crystallinity of TPAEs is relatively low. It may be the reason that the synthesized TPAEs show high elasticity and elastic recovery.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Morphology of Thermoplastic Polyamide Elastomer Based on Long-Chain Polyamide 1212 and Renewable Poly(trimethylene glycol)

Jiang

Tang

Pan

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Novel biobased thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAEs) were synthesized using a long-chain polyamide 1212 (PA1212) oligomer and 100% renewably resourced poly-(trimethylene glycol) (PPDO) via a facile "two-step" melt polycondensation. The TPAEs are lightweight, with a density of 1.04∼1.05 g cm −3 . The structure and morphology of the TPAEs with high biocontent were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA). The results show that the new biobased TPAEs have a clearly microphase-separated structure comprising quite low crystalline PA1212 segments and an amorphous PPDO segment at room temperature. The spherical rigid PA1212 domains for PA624-PPDO with a diameter of about 100 nm can well disperse in the amorphous PPDO phase. Moreover, the rigid PA1212 segments mutually interconnect with the increasing molecular weight of the PA1212 oligomer, and the typical PA1212 spherulites about 200 nm with lamellae structures have been found in PA2200-PPDO, filled with amorphous PPDO in the interlayer. Since the structure and morphology characteristics, the storage modulus (E′) of TPAEs quickly decreases from about 3000 MPa in a glassy state to 400 MPa in a rubbery state. Furthermore, long-chain PA1212 segments contribute to the outstanding thermal stability; i.e., the initial decomposition temperatures of all TPAEs are over 360 °C. The novel biobased TPAEs with good lowtemperature elastic, high elastic recovery, and good thermally stable properties are expected to have potential applications in CO 2 separation and breathable dressing. ■ HIGHLIGHTSNovel TPAEs have a long-chain polyamide as a rigid segment and 100% renewably resourced polyether as a flexible segment. The biobased TPAE is lightweight with good thermal and mechanical properties. Microphase-separated morphology of the TPAEs is observed.

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Influence of soft block crystallization on microstructural variation of double crystalline poly(ether‐ mb ‐amide) multiblock copolymers

Cited by 17 publications

References 69 publications

Facile Synthesis of Thermoplastic Polyamide Elastomers Based on Amorphous Polyetheramine with Damping Performance

Facile Synthesis of Thermoplastic Polyamide Elastomers Based on Amorphous Polyetheramine with Damping Performance

Cell Structure Variation in Poly(ether-mb-amide) Copolymer Foams Induced by Chemi-Crystallization

Structure and Morphology of Thermoplastic Polyamide Elastomer Based on Long-Chain Polyamide 1212 and Renewable Poly(trimethylene glycol)

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