Influence of Sodium Bicarbonate on Performance and Hydration in Lightweight Rowing

Kupcis, Peter D.; Slater, G J; Pruscino, Cathryn L.; Kemp, Justin G.

doi:10.1123/ijspp.7.1.11

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Alternatively, the higher post-exercise blood [La -] in BIC might be due to reduced Laclearance, as it was reported that Laclearance by inactive skeletal muscle tissue is reduced following NaHCO 3 supplementation [22]. In contrast to Δ[HCO 3 -] and Δ[La -], the exercise-induced drop in blood pH was similar between BIC and PL, despite higher pre-exercise pH values in BIC, which is in agreement with other studies [23][24][25]. The similar drop in pH during exercise in both conditions seems counterintuitive.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of Stacked Sodium Bicarbonate Loading on Repeated All-out Exercise

et al. 2019

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether NaHCO3, administered via a 9-h stacked loading protocol (i.e. repeated supplementation with small doses in order to obtain a gradual increase in blood [HCO3 -]), has an ergogenic effect on repeated all-out exercise. Twelve physically active males were randomly assigned to receive either NaHCO3 (BIC) or placebo (PL) in a double-blind cross-over design. NaHCO3 supplementation was divided in three identical 3-h cycles: a 6.3 g bolus at the start, followed by 2.1 g doses at +1-h and +2-h, yielding a total NaHCO3 intake of 0.4 g·kg−1 BM over 9-h. At the end of each cycle, participants performed 2-min all-out cycling. Capillary blood samples were analyzed for [HCO3 -], pH and [La-]. Pre-exercise blood [HCO3 -] in PL decreased from 25.6±0.2 mmol·L−1 in bout 1 to 23.6±0.2 mmol·L−1 in bout 4, while increasing from 25.5±0.2 to 31.2±0.4 mmol·L−1 in BIC (P<0.05). Concomitantly, pre-exercise pH values gradually decreased in PL (from 7.41±0.00 to 7.39±0.01) and increased in BIC (from 7.41±0.01 to 7.47±0.01; P<0.05). Mean power output of the four bouts was higher in BIC (428±20 W) than in PL (420±20 W; P<0.05). The ergogenic effect on repeated all-out exercise occurred in the absence of gastrointestinal distress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of Stacked Sodium Bicarbonate Loading on Repeated All-out Exercise

et al. 2019

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“…Despite significant elevation of blood and pH before exercise and blood lactate immediately following exercise, we failed to detect a clear performance benefit of NaHCO 3 loading on a 4-km cycling TT (~5.5 min). Indeed, this is similar to findings from other studies involving exercise protocols of similar duration (Carr et al, 2011c;Christensen et al, 2014;Kupcis et al, 2012) and again demonstrates that certain conditions such as high intensity short-duration (~1-min) events involving repeated efforts may be needed before clear benefits are seen (Sutton et al, 1981). Although benefits provided by NaHCO 3 loading may be counteracted by the potentially associated gastrointestinal distress, this risk can be reduced by the use of specific protocols involving encapsulated supplements, a spread intake, and coingestion with a light carbohydrate meal (Carr et al, 2011b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Single and Combined Effects of Beetroot Crystals and Sodium Bicarbonate on 4-km Cycling Time Trial Performance

Callahan¹,

Parr²,

Hawley³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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When ingested alone, beetroot juice and sodium bicarbonate are ergogenic for high-intensity exercise performance. This study sought to determine the independent and combined effects of these supplements. Eight endurance trained (VO 2 max 65 mL·kg·min -1 ) male cyclists completed four × 4-km time trials (TT) in a doubleblind Latin square design supplementing with beetroot crystals (BC) for 3 days (15 g·day -1 + 15 g 1 h before TT, containing 300 mg nitrate per 15 g), bicarbonate (Bi 0.3 g·kg -1 body mass [BM] in 5 doses every 15 min from 2.5 h before TT); BC+Bi or placebo (PLA). Subjects completed TTs on a Velotron cycle ergometer under standardized laboratory conditions. Plasma nitrite concentrations were significantly elevated only in the BC+Bi trial before the TT (1520 ± 786 nmol·L -1 ) compared with baseline (665 ± 535 nmol·L -1 , p = .02) and the Bi and PLA conditions (Bi: 593 ± 203 nmol·L -1 , p < .01; PLA: 543 ± 369 nmol·L -1 , p < .01). Plasma nitrite concentrations were not elevated in the BC trial before the TT (1102 ± 218 nmol·L -1 ) compared with baseline (975 ± 607 nmol·L -1 , p > .05). Blood bicarbonate concentrations were increased in the BC+Bi and Bi trials before the TT (BC+Bi: 30.9 ± 2.8 mmol·L -1 ; Bi: 31.7 ± 1.1 mmol·L -1 ). There were no differences in mean power output (386-394 W) or the time taken to complete the TT (335.8-338.1 s) between any conditions. Under the conditions of this study, supplementation was not ergogenic for 4-km TT performance.

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“…ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl)) to determine the wider contribution of acid-base perturbation on skeletal muscle fatigue; however, emphasis has been placed on reviewing only the alkalosis condition in most instances. This review does not address all performance-based applications of NaHCO 3 supplementation in the literature, such as team sport performance [ 15 – 17 ], skill sports [ 18 – 20 ], hydration [ 21 , 22 ] or the efficacy of NaHCO 3 under hypoxic conditions [ 23 – 25 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Insights into the Efficacy of Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation to Improve Athletic Performance

et al. 2016

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A large proportion of empirical research and reviews investigating the ergogenic potential of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) supplementation have focused predominately on performance outcomes and only speculate about underlying mechanisms responsible for any benefit. The aim of this review was to critically evaluate the influence of NaHCO3 supplementation on mechanisms associated with skeletal muscle fatigue as it translates directly to exercise performance. Mechanistic links between skeletal muscle fatigue, proton accumulation (or metabolic acidosis) and NaHCO3 supplementation have been identified to provide a more targeted, evidence-based approach to direct future research, as well as provide practitioners with a contemporary perspective on the potential applications and limitations of this supplement. The mechanisms identified have been broadly categorised under the sections ‘Whole-body Metabolism’, ‘Muscle Physiology’ and ‘Motor Pathways’, and when possible, the performance outcomes of these studies contextualized within an integrative framework of whole-body exercise where other factors such as task demand (e.g. large vs. small muscle groups), cardio-pulmonary and neural control mechanisms may outweigh any localised influence of NaHCO3. Finally, the ‘Performance Applications’ section provides further interpretation for the practitioner founded on the mechanistic evidence provided in this review and other relevant, applied NaHCO3 performance-related studies.

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Influence of Sodium Bicarbonate on Performance and Hydration in Lightweight Rowing

Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of Stacked Sodium Bicarbonate Loading on Repeated All-out Exercise

Effect of Stacked Sodium Bicarbonate Loading on Repeated All-out Exercise

Single and Combined Effects of Beetroot Crystals and Sodium Bicarbonate on 4-km Cycling Time Trial Performance

Mechanistic Insights into the Efficacy of Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation to Improve Athletic Performance

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