Influence of sociodemographic features and general health on social capital: Findings from a large population-based survey in Tehran, Iran (Urban-HEART)

Social capital and related socio-demographic variation in women of reproductive age: A population-based study

“…In connection to the status of marriage, divorced and widowed women in the groups and networks dimension had considerably lower scores when compared with their married counterparts who live with their spouse. In the study of Ashrafi et al (2012), the extent of cooperation and sense of social values were stronger among the married people who were living with their spouse in comparison with the widowed and divorced women. This could be due to social and communication limitations and lack of social trust, a clear indication of the fact that policy makers should have a clear understanding of the domino effect of family instability and breakup, and subsequently plan to improve social capital and social health (Nakhaie and Arnold, 2011).…”

“…However, in the study of Nedjat et al (2012) that was carried out on 2484 men and women of 18 years and over in 2008, using the same questionnaire, the lowest scores related to the groups and networks dimension (18.9 ± 12.9), whereas the trust and solidarity dimension reflected the highest scores (53.7 ± 14.4). In the study of Ashrafi et al (2012) in Tehran, through utilizing different scales of social capital the highest and lowest mean scores were in the dimensions of volunteering and participation, respectively. In a British study on adults (16 and over), social trust got 41 percent and civic participation 45.2 percent (Snelgrove et al, 2009).…”

“…The level of cooperation and trust increased with academic advancement, in a clear manner (Ashrafi et al, 2012;Iisakka, 2004;Roumeliotou and Rontos, 2009). Education was one of the most important determining factors of forecasting the level of social commitment, trust, and electoral activities.…”

Perceived neighbourhood cohesion and health among mid-aged Australian women

“…It may be that the relative isolation of women in remote areas means that social networks and perceived cohesion are more important to women living in remote areas. [165] Volunteering Given that volunteering is frequently used as an indicator of social capital (for example, [102,238,[273][274][275]), the finding in this chapter that volunteering was associated with neighbourhood connection, is perhaps not surprising. Consistent with this, Pilkington and colleagues found that volunteers were more socially connected and had access to more social support (however neither of these two variables were related to the neighbourhood) than people who did not volunteer.…”

“…[100, 134, 164-166] Some studies have reported that marriage is associated with greater perceived neighbourhood cohesion, with a gradient tending towards lower levels of cohesion reported by those in de-facto relationships, and even lower levels reported by those who live alone. [137,238] However, studies using different measures of perceived neighbourhood cohesion have shown no association between living alone and perceived neighbourhood cohesion. [132,239] The literature also shows inconsistent results regarding whether living with children is associated with neighbourhood cohesion, despite this however, the consensus of both qualitative and quantitative research has shown that children can provide opportunities for parents to connect in the neighbourhoodthere are other…”