Influence of socio-economic characteristics of beach users on litter generation

Santos, Isaac R.; Friedrich, Ana Cláudia; Wallner-Kersanach, Mônica; Fillmann, Gilberto

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2005.08.006

Cited by 207 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This finding is quite similar to other studies that have shown that most participants recognize marine debris and sewage related debris to be a strong beach dislike [29] [57] [58]. The results from this survey also confirms the assertion by [29] and [56] that people's actions and attitudes contribute to the issue of marine debris; evidenced in the social survey with the majority of respondents admitting to littering and the relatively high amount of debris collected during the beach survey. Participants who were beach users themselves also identified beach users as the main source of litter generation on the beach with the resultant problem of unattractive beaches.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Public Attitudes To Beach Littersupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Participants who were beach users themselves also identified beach users as the main source of litter generation on the beach with the resultant problem of unattractive beaches. This trend is supported in the literature where beach litter is considered to be a major problem for people who visit the beach and plays a major role in selecting a suitable beach for recreation [56] [59] [60]. Almost all participants believe that Ghana's beaches are not clean and increased education and awareness creation, provision of more litter bins and the distribution of plastic bags will help reduce litter amounts.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Public Attitudes To Beach Littermentioning

confidence: 83%

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An Empirical Assessment of Marine Debris, Seawater Quality and Littering in Ghana

Dyck¹,

Nunoo²,

Lawson³

2016

GEP

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A baseline survey was carried out at four beaches along Ghana's Accra-Tema coastline over a period of sixteen weeks to determine beach quality, seawater quality and the perception of beach users towards littering. A total of 18,241 items of marine debris which weighed 297.59 kg were collected. Plastic materials were the dominant debris, accounting for 63.72% of total debris. Landbased marine debris formed the largest proportion of debris collected (93% of items/m 2 and 85 kg/m 2 ). Water quality analysis revealed high mean levels of coliforms and E. coli above World Health Organization (WHO) levels on all four beach locations. A social survey that targeted beach users and some stakeholders revealed a habit of littering and beach users as the main source of litter generation on Ghana's beaches. Intensive education, continuous monitoring and the enforcement of appropriate policy initiatives remain vital to addressing beach and water quality issues along Ghana's coastline.

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Section: Evaluation Of Public Attitudes To Beach Littersupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Evaluation Of Public Attitudes To Beach Littermentioning

confidence: 83%

An Empirical Assessment of Marine Debris, Seawater Quality and Littering in Ghana

Dyck¹,

Nunoo²,

Lawson³

2016

GEP

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“…MSW management in tourism cities needs greater attention, especially during peak tourism periods. Previous literature also shows the same relationship between MSW generation and tourism activities (Santos et al 2005;Gidarakos et al 2005;Kuniyal et al 1998).…”

supporting

confidence: 61%

Carbon discharge through municipal solid waste in Haikou, China

Luo¹,

Ouyang²,

Wang³

et al. 2007

International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ec

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SUMMARYWith rapid urban development, municipal solid waste (MSW) has become a pressing issue. Estimation of carbon discharge through municipal solid waste provides a way to assess environmental load of solid waste from the viewpoint of the carbon cycle. With few studies on carbon flow in urban ecosystems, this research contributes to urban carbon research and provides insights into human impacts on the carbon cycle. Based on a comprehensive fieldwork investigation of a typical Chinese tourist city -Haikou City, Hainan Island -the characteristics of MSW carbon discharge and human activities that influenced it were analysed. The results indicated that, in 2001, the total carbon discharge from 261.9 Gg of MSW was 105.1 GgC per year, and 174.6 kgC per capita per annum. Carbon is discharged in the form of food scraps (24%), plastics (20%), wood (17%), fabrics (14%), paper (13%), and dust and stone (12%). If landfill received all the waste, 4.7% of MSW carbon would be transformed into methane, with a value of 4.9 GgC. Between 1991 and 1999, Haikou's per capita MSW carbon discharge increased by 59.9%, and total MSW carbon discharge increased by 124.9%. MSW carbon discharge in Haikou is significantly affected by the growth of residential expenditure and urbanisation. Local characteristics of tourism also influence Haikou's MSW carbon discharge, not only in terms of its yearly variation, but also its monthly variation. Integrating data on carbon discharge with carbon consumption will provide a systematic view of the carbon metabolism in urban ecosystems, and further insights into the generation of urban environmental pollution.

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“…The larger percentage of litter at Korle than La could be attributed to the low educational level of people on environmental awareness and behaviour (Santos et al, 2005) at Korle compared to that of the people of La. The quantities of plastics recorded at Ghanaian beaches compare favourably with that found along the Sea of Japan which was 40-80% of total weight and number, respectively (Kusui & Noda, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Tourist Pressure on Beach Litter and Microbial Quality - Case Study of Two Beach Resorts in Ghana

Tsagbey¹,

Mensah²,

Nunoo³

2010

West African Journal of Applied Ecology

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Beach litter accumulation and reduced water quality are important aspects of beach degradation which have adverse effects on the users of the beach and marine life. The study aims at determining how the degree of human pressure at the La and Korle Beach resorts in Accra, Ghana, which serve different social communities, contributes to beach degradation. A weekly collection of fresh and accumulated litter from a belt transect of 500 m 2 and samples of seawater from each beach were obtained during a 3-week festive period (Dec. 26, 2005-Jan. 9, 2006) and a 3-week non-festive period (Jan. 23, 2006-Feb. 6, 2006. Thirty-two types of litter were identified and the total number and weight of litter collected from La were 2261 and 72695 g, and that of Korle were 2691 and 43239 g, respectively. Plastic material dominated the total litter at 66% for Korle and 53% for La, respectively. The numbers of litter increased with increasing visitor pressure during the festive season for Korle, although the type and diversity of the beach litter was location specific irrespective of the season for both sites. Microbial values for coliforms were higher for Korle than La, with significant increase in Korle during the festive season. The implications for leisure activity like swimming at both sites has minimal health risks since the mean levels of the indicators are within the WHO international permissible range.

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Influence of socio-economic characteristics of beach users on litter generation

Cited by 207 publications

References 20 publications

An Empirical Assessment of Marine Debris, Seawater Quality and Littering in Ghana

An Empirical Assessment of Marine Debris, Seawater Quality and Littering in Ghana

Carbon discharge through municipal solid waste in Haikou, China

Influence of Tourist Pressure on Beach Litter and Microbial Quality - Case Study of Two Beach Resorts in Ghana

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