Influence of Smoking on Dental Implant Osseointegration: A Radiofrequency Analysis of 194 Implants

Abstract

While many studies have related smoking to periimplantitis and marginal bone loss, little is known of its potential impact upon dental implant osseointegration. The present clinical study explores the influence of smoking upon secondary stabilization based on radiofrequency analysis. A total of 194 implants in 114 patients were included. Implant stability was evaluated on the day of surgery and a minimum of 90 days after implantation, when osseointegration is considered to have been completed. The evolution of implant stability was compared between two groups: smokers versus non-smokers. The following variables were also analyzed: implant brand, model, length and diameter, insertion torque, bone density according to the Misch classification, location of the implant, and patient age and gender. The results showed that smoking does not affect primary stability of the implant, though it was associated to a marked decrease in secondary stability. The non-smokers showed a gain of 2.69 points (95%CI: 1.529 to 3.865) in the osseointegration process with respect to the smokers (p<0.001). Among the latter, implant stability was seen to decrease 0.91 points (95%CI: -3.424 to 1.600) (p<0.004), generating a difference of 3.61 points between smokers and non-smokers. Smoking is thus concluded to be an important factor that must be taken into account when seeking good implant osseointegration outcomes.

Evaluation of the Quality of Peri-implantitis Videos on YouTube

“…Implant losses may occur because of the absence of effective treatment approaches for PI. 16 In the videos evaluated, issues such as PI definition, etiology, risk factors, prevention, and treatment cost were mentioned less frequently, and treatment approaches were discussed a little more frequently. In fact, in the results of YouTube studies on dental implants, risk factors were not mentioned adequately enough, and the contraindications identified were not evidence based.…”

“…PI may have adverse effects on systemic health due to its inflammatory properties. Implant losses may occur because of the absence of effective treatment approaches for PI 16 . In the videos evaluated, issues such as PI definition, etiology, risk factors, prevention, and treatment cost were mentioned less frequently, and treatment approaches were discussed a little more frequently.…”

The influence of self‐inflating soft tissue expander on the outcomes of horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation: A randomized controlled clinical and histological study

“…All patients in our study were non-smokers, as smoking is a significant risk factor for wound healing, augmentation procedures, and ultimately, the success rates of dental implants (Badenes & Pallarés, 2021). All the patients in the present study had healthy donor and recipient sites showing no residual infections to avoid disturbance in healing and bone formation (Tonetti et al, 1996).…”

“…The age group was selected between 20 and 60 years, as age is a crucial factor for bone maintenance, considering that bone mass density diminishes with aging (>60), which occurs in both male and female patients with age‐related osteoporosis (Manolagas, 2010). All patients in our study were non‐smokers, as smoking is a significant risk factor for wound healing, augmentation procedures, and ultimately, the success rates of dental implants (Badenes & Pallarés, 2021). All the patients in the present study had healthy donor and recipient sites showing no residual infections to avoid disturbance in healing and bone formation (Tonetti et al, 1996).…”

The Effects of Smoking Cigarettes on Immediate Dental Implant Stability—A Prospective Case Series Study

“…Most previous studies report that smoking tobacco does not have a significant impact on implant stability after full osseointegration [8][9][10][11][12]. A recent study revealed lower stability among smokers [13], while another indicated that primary stability may be higher in smokers versus nonsmokers [14]. Some researchers found that the process of osseointegration may be altered by tobacco use and that the process of acquiring secondary stability may be slower in smokers [11,12].…”