Influence of smoking and alcohol on gastric chemokine mRNA expression in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection

Shimoyama, Tadashi; Everett, Simon; Fukuda, Shinsaku; Axon, Anthony; Dixon, M. F.; Crabtree, J. E.

doi:10.1136/jcp.54.4.332

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Smoking and alcohol drinking are risk factors for gastric and duodenal ulcers as they promote the movement of bile salts from the intestine to the stomach, and increase the amount of acid produced by the stomach [26,27]. Smoking may also increase the risk of infection with H. pylori [28], which is a strong risk factor for peptic ulcers (gastric or duodenal ulcers) [26]; and has been linked to biliary tract cancers [1]. Thus, it appears biologically plausible that the combined effects of increased acid production from smoking and alcohol drinking, together with the chronic inflammation from ulcer, and possibly H. pylori infection, could increase the risk of gallbladder cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical history and the risk of biliary tract cancers in Shanghai, China: implications for a role of inflammation

Andreotti

Liu

Gao

et al. 2011

Cancer Causes Control

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Several lines of evidence suggest that inflammation may play a role in the etiology of biliary tract cancers. To examine further the role of inflammation, we evaluated the associations between self-reported inflammatory-related medical conditions and the risk of biliary tract cancers in a population-based case-control study in Shanghai, China. Our analysis included 368 gallbladder cancer cases, 191 bile duct cancer cases, 68 ampulla of Vater cancer cases, and 959 healthy subjects. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for biliary tract cancers in relation to six inflammation-related conditions. Gallbladder cancer was significantly associated with cholecystitis occurring at least 5 years prior to interview (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.9). Even though biliary stones did not significantly modify the associations between cholecystitis and gallbladder cancer, 90% of the gallbladder cancer cases with cholecystitis also had biliary stones, indicating that stones likely play an important role in the link between cholecystitis and gallbladder cancer. Among subjects who smoked and drank alcohol, a history of gastric (OR = 4.3, 95% CI 1.2-15.0) or duodenal ulcers (OR = 3.7, 1.2-12.0) was associated with an excess risk of gallbladder cancer. Although the mechanisms are unclear, our results further support the role for inflammation in the etiology of biliary tract cancers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical history and the risk of biliary tract cancers in Shanghai, China: implications for a role of inflammation

Andreotti

Liu

Gao

et al. 2011

Cancer Causes Control

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“…Additionally, IL-8 and GRO-α have been demonstrated to be higher in patients (suffering from gastritis) with duodenal or peptic ulcers than in patients without these complications [50,[56][57][58][59]. Furthermore, expression of GRO-α and ENA-78 was significantly increased in H. pylori-infected mucosa of smokers compared with non-smokers [60]. However, there was no difference in GRO-α and ENA-78 expression in relation to alcohol consumption [60].…”

Section: Gastric Cancermentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Furthermore, expression of GRO-α and ENA-78 was significantly increased in H. pylori-infected mucosa of smokers compared with non-smokers [60]. However, there was no difference in GRO-α and ENA-78 expression in relation to alcohol consumption [60]. Indeed, recent studies suggest that alcohol consumption has a protective effect in patients infected with H. pylori because of its antimicrobial effect [60].…”

Section: Gastric Cancermentioning

confidence: 93%

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The role of CXC chemokines in the transition of chronic inflammation to esophageal and gastric cancer

Verbeke

Geboes

Damme

et al. 2012

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer

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Chronic inflammation may increase the risk to develop cancer, for instance esophagitis or gastritis may lead to development of esophageal or gastric cancer, respectively. The key molecules attracting leukocytes to local inflammatory sites are chemokines. We here provide a systematic review on the impact of CXC chemokines (binding the receptors CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3 and CXCR4) on the transition of chronic inflammation in the upper gastrointestinal tract to neoplasia. CXCR2 ligands, including GRO-α,β,γ/CXCL1,2,3, ENA-78/CXCL5 and IL-8/CXCL8 chemoattract pro-tumoral neutrophils. In addition, angiogenic CXCR2 ligands stimulate the formation of new blood vessels, facilitating tumor progression. The CXCR4 ligand SDF-1/CXCL12 also promotes tumor development by stimulating angiogenesis and by favoring metastasis of CXCR4-positive tumor cells to distant organs producing SDF-1/CXCL12. Furthermore, these angiogenic chemokines also directly enhance tumor cell survival and proliferation. In contrast, the CXCR3 ligands Mig/CXCL9, IP-10/ CXCL10 and I-TAC/CXCL11 are angiostatic and attract anti-tumoral T lymphocytes and may therefore mediate tumor growth retardation and regression. Thus, chemokines exert diverging, sometimes dual roles in tumor biology as described for esophageal and gastric cancer. Therefore extensive research is needed to completely unravel the complex chemokine code in specific cancers. Possibly, chemokine-targeted cancer therapy will have to be adapted to the individual's chemokine profile.

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“…The higher risk of CAG/GC could be caused by swallowed constituents [95], inhaled toxins and other factors: increased bile reflux [143,144], increased proinflammatory chemokines [145] and impaired mucosal defense (including low vitamin C [94]) in smokers. In a study from northeastern Japan, 44% of male participants of a health check program smoked versus 2% females [113], or 45 versus 3% in Venezuela [108].…”

Section: Pathogenic Factors Of Gastritis Beyond ‘Abc'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Pathophysiology of Gastritis in East and West? A Western Perspective

Wirth¹,

Yang²

2016

Inflamm Intest Dis

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Background: Gastritis results from multifactorial gastric mucosal injury. Helicobacter pylori(Hp) is the main cause, and associated diseases have typical underlying patterns of gastritis. Gastric ulcer and gastric cancer (GC) develop from chronic atrophic corpus gastritis (CAG) which therefore represents the most important pattern. GC incidences in East Asia are substantially higher than elsewhere, and this should be also reflected by higher prevalences of CAG and characteristic differences in pathophysiology compared to the West. Summary: The few available comparative studies of gastritis in Eastern and Western patients are summarized. The main pathogenic factors of gastritis are discussed together with their limitations to explain local differences in disease outcome. Emphasis was put to also include less well-established pathogenic host and environmental factors of possible impact. Conclusions: CAG is more prevalent in East Asian areas with high GC incidences than the West. Geographic heterogeneity of associated diseases is due to differences in Hp prevalence and virulence as well as modulating host and environmental factors. The following may contribute to the higher burden of CAG in the East: ABD type of CagA with vacA s1 and babA2 alleles of Hp, host Lewis(b) expression in sej/sej nonsecretors, H. heilmannii, low parietal cell mass, high sodium and nitrate intake, preferences in vegetable and fruit consumption, cigarette smoking, air pollution, alcohol. Conversely, green tea, nonfermented soy products and rice may confer protective effects. Hp is on the decline, but also in a world cleared from this bacterium, differences in host genetics will continue to modify gastric disease outcome together with maintained customs as part of cultural diversity.

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Influence of smoking and alcohol on gastric chemokine mRNA expression in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection

Cited by 35 publications

References 18 publications

Medical history and the risk of biliary tract cancers in Shanghai, China: implications for a role of inflammation

Medical history and the risk of biliary tract cancers in Shanghai, China: implications for a role of inflammation

The role of CXC chemokines in the transition of chronic inflammation to esophageal and gastric cancer

Different Pathophysiology of Gastritis in East and West? A Western Perspective

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