Influence of silver nanoparticles on mechanical, thermal and antibacterial properties of poly (vinyl alcohol)/rice hull powder hybrid biocomposite films

Abstract

Earth produces 2.12 billion tons of total wastes annually and nearly 2 million tons of petroleum-based synthetic polymers each day. The majority of synthetic polymers were obtained by packaging applications. Biodegradable films(biofilms) can be a good alternative for pollution-creating synthetic polymers.Rice hull powder (RHP) as reinforcing fillers, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as matrix along with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were used to prepare the biofilms. By using the solution casting method, five samples of PVA/RHP (1-5 mM) AgNPs biofilms were fabricated and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry beyond testing for their mechanical and antibacterial activities. The small spherical shape elements in the FESEM images clarify the presence of AgNPs. The intensities of observed peaks in the FT-IR spectrum keep decreasing with the inclusion of AgNPs. The X-ray diffractogram confirms the strong peaks at 2θ = 38.2 , 49.1 , 60.8 , & 78.3 due to the presence of the AgNPs. The tensile strength and tensile modulus reached a maximum value of 35.5 and 871 MPa respectively. The presence of heat-stable metallic silver made the biofilms thermally stable up to 371 C and also improved the antibacterial activity exhibited by a better inhibition zone. The improved results clarified that biofilms can be suggested for packaging applications.

Effect of alkali‐treated Putranjiva roxburghii seed shell filler on physico‐chemical, thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties of polyvinyl alcohol‐based biofilms

“…However, with the filling of 5 wt.% alkali-treated PRSSF as a particulate filler in PVA film, the tensile stress and Young's modulus improved by 9.23% and 4.13%, respectively. The outcomes were similar to those of the earlier report on rice husk hulls, 16 and at-LASP 14 reinforced PVA films.…”

Investigation of physico‐mechanical, thermal, morphological, optical and biodegradation properties of polyvinyl alcohol films reinforced with alkali treated Limonia acidissima shell powder

“…[ 16 ] Due to their reciprocal ability to create intermolecular hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl groups, cast films produced from PVA demonstrated good miscibility. Some researchers used agro/municipal waste materials like coconut shell powder, [ 17 ] banana peel powder, [ 18 ] rice hull powder, [ 19 ] and so forth, with PVA and fabricated the biofilms.…”

“…Limonia acidissima (Wood apple) belongs to the Rutaceae family, which is widely known as the “Stone apple” or “Elephant apple,” the tree is having highly reputed medicinal value. [ 19 ] Limonia Acidissima L. is globally reported from India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Java, and Malaysia. In India, it is found to occur in dry regions.…”

The role of extracted Patchouli residue microparticle on the mechanical and microbial properties macroalgae biopolymer

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14] This versatility provides various characteristics, such as smart/ intelligent or active features, to biopolymer-based materials, offering sustainable alternatives to regular plastics. [15][16][17] Seaweed's versatile applications as a biopolymer have garnered attention in various scientific studies particularly in food, packaging, and pharmaceutical applications. 12 For instance, research conducted by Samsul Rizal and colleagues demonstrated substantial improvements in seaweed film properties.…”

“…Therefore, numerous studies have been conducted aiming to enhance biopolymer films with various additives such as clay, cellulose, zinc oxide, silver nanoparticles, montmorillonite, titanium oxide, kaolinite, boehmite and an array of other materials known for their biodegradability and non‐toxic properties 9–14 . This versatility provides various characteristics, such as smart/intelligent or active features, to biopolymer‐based materials, offering sustainable alternatives to regular plastics 15–17 …”