Influence of Silver Nanoparticles on the Biological Indicators of Haplic Chernozem

Abstract

In recent years, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly used in various industries due to their antibacterial properties, which lead to an increase in pollution of the environment and soil ecosystems. However, the ecological effects of soil pollution by AgNPs were poorly studied than that with AgNPs of other metal-based NPs. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of AgNPs on the biological properties of Haplic Chernozem. Silver was introduced into the soil in the form of AgNPs with a concentration of 0.5; 1; 5; 10; 50, and 100 mg/kg in laboratory conditions. The influence of AgNPs on the biological properties of Haplic Chernozem was assessed 30 days after contamination. The degree of reduction in biological properties depends on the AgNPs concentration in the soil. This study showed that the sensitivity to contamination by AgNPs in the total number of bacteria and enzymatic activity was more than that in the abundance of bacteria of the genus Azotobacter. The integrated index of biological state (IIBS) of Haplic Chernozem was decreased by contamination with AgNPs. Silver nanoparticles in the concentration of 10 mg/kg caused a decrease in the indicator by 13% relative to the control. It also decreased IIBS by doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg by 22 and 27% relative to the control. All used biological indicators could be used for biomonitoring, biodiagnosis, bioindication, and regulation of ecological condition of soil contamination by AgNPs.

Impact of Metal-Based Nanoparticles on Cambisol Microbial Functionality, Enzyme Activity, and Plant Growth

“…Copper and ZnNPs exhibited the largest inhibited impact on IIBS of Cambisols, but NiNPs hindered the least significant effect on the IIBS of Cambisols. Previous studies have also shown the least effect of Ni NPs among other investigated substances [ 15 , 46 ] and a strong toxic effect of CuNPs on the biological parameters of soils [ 22 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. In addition, our studies have confirmed the hypothesis that the higher the dose of the pollutant, the stronger the inhibition of biological indicators, which is agreement with previously reported results [ 19 , 46 , 50 , 51 ].…”

“…since heavy metals were deposited at this site [ 55 ]. Matal-based NPs have high mobility and are able to exhibit high toxicity in relation to soil biota and plants [ 9 , 46 ].…”

“…Laboratory studies of biological indicators were performed using the methods indicated ( Table 1 ). It was efficient to use sensitive biological indicators to diagnose soil conditions after chemical pollution [ 15 , 46 , 50 , 51 ]. The set of indicators gave an informative estimate of the biological processes taking place in the soil and used the ecological state of the ground.…”

Assessment of biological activity in mountain chernozems and mountain-meadow chernozemic soils of natural biogeocenoses in the Central Caucasus, Russia

“…Of the whole variety of parameters characterizing the biological state of soils, the researchers (Murugan et al, 2014;Merino et al, 2016;dos Santos Soares et al, 2019;Ananyeva et al, 2020;Kazeev et al, 2021;Kolesnikov et al, 2021) propose to use indicators of biological activity, which are highly sensitive to negative processes occurring in soil. It is known that these indicators change earlier than other soil characteristics (e.g.…”

Toxic Effects of Thallium on Biological Indicators of Haplic Chernozem Health: A Case Study

“…Oxidoreductases (as catalase, dehydrogenases, peroxidases, and polyphenoloxidases) are functionally necessary for the decomposition of pollutants, the transformation of organic matter, and the maintenance of the metabolism of microorganisms [29,30]. Catalase activity decreases with soil contamination by petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals [1,[31][32][33]. The activity of catalase is related to the metabolic activity of aerobic organisms, and is often used as one of the indicators of soil fertility.…”