Influence of short-term selenium supplementation on the natural course of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: clinical results of a blinded placebo-controlled randomized prospective trial

Espósito, Daniela; Rotondi, Mario; Accardo, Giacomo; Vallone, G; Conzo, Giovanni; Docimo, Giovanni; Selvaggi, Francesco; Cappelli, Carlo; Chiovato, Luca; Giugliano, Dario; Pasquali, Daniela

doi:10.1007/s40618-016-0535-4

Cited by 65 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A paper (31) evaluated the real efficacy of selenium supplementation in HT, measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid hormones, TPOAb and thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) levels, and thyroid echogenicity after 6 months of l -selenomethionine treatment. The authors concluded that the short-term l -selenomethionine supplementation has a restricted impact on the natural course in euthyroid HT.…”

Section: Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Issues in Thyroid Diseases

et al. 2017

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Environmental factors are determinant for the appearance of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) in susceptible subjects. Increased iodine intake, selenium, and vitamin D deficiency, exposure to radiation, from nuclear fallout or due to medical radiation, are environmental factors increasing AITD. Cigarette smoking is associated with Graves’ disease and Graves’ ophthalmopathy, while it decreases the risk of hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity. Viral infections are important environmental factors in the pathogenesis of AITD, too, particularly human parvovirus B19 (EVB19) and hepatitis C virus. Among the many chemical contaminants, halogenated organochlorines and pesticides variably disrupt thyroid function. Polychlorinated biphenyls and their metabolites and polybrominated diethyl ethers bind to thyroid transport proteins, such as transthyretin, displace thyroxine, and disrupt thyroid function. Among drugs, interferon- and iodine-containing drugs have been associated with AITD. Moreover intestinal dysbiosis causes autoimmune thyroiditis. To reduce the risk to populations and also in each patient, it is necessary to comprehend the association between environmental agents and thyroid dysfunction.

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Section: Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Issues in Thyroid Diseases

et al. 2017

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“…Selenium is an essential micronutrient modulating several physiopathological processes in the thyroid gland [59]. Its anticancer role has been recently demonstrated [60], as well as the ability to act as antiapoptotic factor in thyroid follicular cells [61].…”

Section: Volcanic Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional and Environmental Factors in Thyroid Carcinogenesis

Nettore

Colao

Macchia

2018

IJERPH

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Several epidemiological studies suggest an increased incidence of thyroid carcinoma (TC) in recent years, especially for the papillary histotype (PTC), suggesting that specific carcinogens might promote molecular abnormalities that are typical of PTC. The increased incidence is probably attributed to more intensive and sensitive diagnostic procedures, even if recent data suggest that various toxic elements could explain the phenomenon. Ionizing radiation exposure represents the most accepted risk factor for differentiated thyroid cancer that includes both the follicular and papillary histotypes. In this review, we examined the other environmental carcinogens that play a role in TC, such as eating habits, living in volcanic areas, and xenobiotic elements. Among eating habits, iodine intake represents one of the more discussed elements, because its deficiency is associated with follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs), while its progressive increment seems to be responsible for PTC. The gas, ash, and lava emissions of volcanoes are composed of various toxic compounds that pollute ground water, vegetables, and animals, contaminating humans via the food chain. Finally, the risk of developing PTC has also been associated with exposure of the population to xenobiotics in the environment or in the home. Their carcinogenic effects are probably caused by their accumulation, but additional studies are necessary to better understand the mechanisms of action.

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“…There is no question that the use of selenium in autoimmune thyroiditis, as a measure to prevent the development of hypothyroidism [3] or to provide a benefit in patients already receiving levothyroxine, is not supported by unequivocal evidence. In this regard, prospective, possibly randomized, studies are needed, and we agree that selenium should not be given to patients with autoimmune thyroiditis until evidence for a beneficial effect is convincingly provided.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%