Influence of Short Chain Fatty Acids on the Epithelial Cell Division of Digestive Tract

Sakata, Takashi; Yajima, Takaji

doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1984.sp002850

Cited by 169 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These findings suggest that SCFAs, which are actively produced in the rumen after weaning, affect the GIT functions. Because butyrate (or b-hydroxybutyrate) was not found in peripheral blood circulation (Manzanilla et al 2006, Guilloteau et al 2010a and because the effects of butyrate were observed at various GIT epithelia (Sakata & Yajima 1984) and butyrate can act directly or indirectly on tissue development and repair (Guilloteau et al 2010a), several humoral factors can be postulated. The pre-and postprandial concentrations of plasma gastrin and CCK, regulatory peptides known for their trophic effects in the upper gut, were not affected by butyrate supplementation, suggesting that the effects of Na-butyrate were not mediated by these substances ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Na-butyrate supplementation in milk formula on plasma concentrations of GH and insulin, and on rumen papilla development in calves

Kato¹,

Sato²,

Chida³

et al. 2011

Journal of Endocrinology

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Although the growth-promoting action of sodium-butyrate (Na-butyrate) used as a feed additive has been observed in calves and pigs, the precise mechanisms involved remain to be clarified. In this study, pre-weaning calves were given milk formula (MF) supplemented with butyrate for 6 weeks to investigate its effects on postprandial changes in the plasma concentrations of metabolic hormones, and, simultaneously, on growth performance, the weight of the digestive organs and rumen papilla development. Ingestion of MF increased (P!0 . 05) the plasma concentrations of GH and insulin as well as the glucose level, but decreased the non-esterified fatty acid concentration. Na-butyrate supplementation in MF or in lactose solution (with the same quantity of lactose contained in the MF, 5%) suppressed the increase in plasma insulin and GH concentrations, and the plasma IGF1 level was not changed. The length of the rumen papilla and the weight of the perirenal fat tended to increase in the calves fed with Na-butyrate-supplemented MF, but the weight of the liver, spleen, and stomach were not changed. In addition, there was no difference in the expression of mRNA for sodiumdependent glucose transporter-1 in the small intestinal epithelial tissues. We conclude that the accelerated growth performance related to the intake of Na-butyrate used as a feed additive reported previously in several species is partly due to improved insulin sensitivity and a better digestive functional development. These data could be applicable to animal and human nutrition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Na-butyrate supplementation in milk formula on plasma concentrations of GH and insulin, and on rumen papilla development in calves

Kato¹,

Sato²,

Chida³

et al. 2011

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Although there may be a small amount of microbial action in the small intestine, short chain fatty acid levels are exceedingly low (Stevens, Argenzio & Clemens, 1980), so that it is very unlikely that the proliferative response to fibre is a direct one. Short chain fatty acid infusion into the colon has been reported to stimulate mitotic indices in the jejunum (Sakata & Yajima, 1984). Nonetheless no direct effect upon isolated intestinal tissue was seen in vitro (Sakata, 1987), which would argue for a systemic mediator.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Enteroglucagon, Gastrin and Peptide Yy in Conventional and Germ‐free Rats Refed With a Fibre‐free or Fibre‐supplemented Diet

Goodlad¹,

Ghatei²,

Domin³

et al. 1989

Exp Physiol

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SUMMARYGerm-free rats and conventional rats were starved and then refed with either an elemental diet (Flexical), or Flexical plus 30 % kaolin, or Flexical plus 30 % of a fibre mixture. Plasma levels of enteroglucagon, gastrin and peptide YY (PYY) were all significantly affected by diet. Enteroglucagon and especially PYY were significantly increased by the addition of fermentable fibre to the diet, but only in the conventional, not in the germ-free rats. Gastrin was not affected by the addition of fermentable fibre, but was increased by kaolin. Enteroglucagon and PYY were, however, both very much elevated in the germ-free animals, in which there is no proliferative response to fibre. Enteroglucagon and PYY levels were similar to those usually associated with extreme hyperproliferative states, indicating that it is unlikely that these hormones are involved in the proliferative response of the gastrointestinal tract to dietary fibre, and casting doubt on their role in other responses.

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“…Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetic, propionic, butyric and valeric acids produced by microbial fermentation in the large intestine (Wrong et al 1981) act as luminal chemical stimuli for colonic motility (Yajima, 1985) and epithelial cell division in the digestive tract (Sakata & Yajima, 1984;Sakata, 1986Sakata, , 1987. Such effects seem to be indirect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminal propionate‐induced secretory response in the rat distal colon in vitro.

Yajima

1988

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The stimulatory action of propionate on colonic electrolyte transport and involvement of the enteric reflex in this was studied in vitro using an Ussing chamber in the rat. The short-circuit current (I.,) and bidirectional fluxes of Na+ and Cl-were measured. Mucosa-submucosa preparations, containing the submucosal nerve, from the distal colon were used in most cases.2. Mucosal application of propionate caused transient increases in the transmural potential difference, with the mucosal side negative, ISc and conductance. Serosal application of the acid had no effect.3. Adaptation of the ISC response occurred when the acid was applied to the bathing solution cumulatively without washing out the first dose. If tissues were washed and held more than 20 min before the next application, the response was almost completely restored.4. The increase in IS. in response to propionate was concentration dependent, with a 50% effective concentration of approximately 7 x 10-5 M.5. Two other short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), n-butyrate and n-valerate, but not acetate, increased ISC when added to the mucosal bathing solution.6. Bumetanide (3 x 10-5 M) and the serosal chloride-free condition, but not amiloride (10-M), inhibited the responses of ISC to propionate. Propionatestimulated Cl-secretion resulted mainly from an increase in unidirectional serosalto-mucosal C1-movement. Propionate did not affect the Na+ flux.7. Tetrodotoxin (10-7 M), somatostatin (10-7 M) and hexamethonium (10-4 M) inhibited the propionate-evoked increase in ISC by 40, 70 and 30°%, respectively.8. Atropine (10-5 M) also inhibited the I,,-increase response to propionate more than 90 %.9. Pre-treatment (2 min) of the mucosal surface with procaine (5 x 10-M)inhibited the propionate-evoked increase in IS. by 90°%.10. The results suggest that luminal propionate transiently stimulated the colonic chloride secretory response that is not due to direct action on colonocytes, but due in large part to release of acetylcholine at neuro-colonocyte junctions, probably via an enteric reflex involving a mucosal sensory mechanism, cholinergic motor nerves and submucosal ganglia.

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Influence of Short Chain Fatty Acids on the Epithelial Cell Division of Digestive Tract

Cited by 169 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of Na-butyrate supplementation in milk formula on plasma concentrations of GH and insulin, and on rumen papilla development in calves

Effects of Na-butyrate supplementation in milk formula on plasma concentrations of GH and insulin, and on rumen papilla development in calves

Plasma Enteroglucagon, Gastrin and Peptide Yy in Conventional and Germ‐free Rats Refed With a Fibre‐free or Fibre‐supplemented Diet

Luminal propionate‐induced secretory response in the rat distal colon in vitro.

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