Influence of sex on heightened vasoconstrictor mechanisms in the non‐Hispanic black population

Brothers, R. Matthew; Stephens, Brandi Y.; Akins, John D.; Fadel, Paul J.

doi:10.1096/fj.202001405r

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(277 reference statements)

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“…Exaggerated vasoconstriction or augmented vascular tone, on the other hand, may stem from several sources, as detailed by Brothers et al. (2020) in a recent review, and may ultimately hinder vasodilatation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanistically, the blunted vasodilatation in BL individuals often derives from reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability (Kalinowski et al, 2004;Patik et al, 2018). Exaggerated vasoconstriction or augmented vascular tone, on the other hand, may stem from several sources, as detailed by Brothers et al (2020) in a recent review, and may ultimately hinder vasodilatation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Young, non‐Hispanic Black men and women exhibit divergent peripheral and cerebral vascular reactivity

Akins

Martin

Patik

et al. 2022

Experimental Physiology

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In the USA, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases remain more prominent in the non-Hispanic Black (BL) population relative to other racial/ethnic groups.Typically, sex differences emerge in the manifestation of these diseases, though these differences may not fully materialize in the BL population. While numerous mechanisms are implicated, differences in vascular function likely contribute. Research has demonstrated blunted vasodilatation in several vascular regions in BL versus non-Hispanic White individuals, though much of this work did not assess sex differences.Therefore, this study aimed to ascertain if indices of vascular function are different between young BL women (BW) and men (BM). Eleven BW and 15 BM (22 (4) vs. 23 (3) years) participated in this study. Each participant underwent testing for brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia and cerebral vasomotor reactivity during rebreathing-induced hypercapnia. BW exhibited greater adjusted FMD than BM (P < 0.05 for all), but similar or lower reactive hyperaemia when assessed as blood velocity (P > 0.39 for all) or blood flow reactivity (P < 0.05 for all), respectively. Across a range of hypercapnia, BW had greater middle cerebral artery blood velocity and cerebrovascular conductance index than BM (P < 0.001 for both). These preliminary data suggest that young BW have greater vascular function relative to young BM, though this was inconsistent across different indices. These findings provide insight into the divergent epidemiological findings between BM and BW. Further research is needed to elucidate possible mechanisms and relate these physiological responses to epidemiological observations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Young, non‐Hispanic Black men and women exhibit divergent peripheral and cerebral vascular reactivity

Akins

Martin

Patik

et al. 2022

Experimental Physiology

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Precision medicine requires understanding how both sex and gender influence health

Stachenfeld

Mazure

2022

Cell

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Sympathetic transduction at rest and during cold pressor test in young healthy non-Hispanic Black and White women

Stephens,

Young,

Nandadeva

et al. 2023

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Non-Hispanic Black (BL) individuals have the highest prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to all other racial/ethnic groups. Previous work focused on racial disparities in sympathetic control and blood pressure (BP) regulation between young BL and White (WH) adults, have mainly included men. Herein, we hypothesized that BL women would exhibit augmented resting sympathetic vascular transduction and greater sympathetic and BP reactivity to cold pressor test (CPT) compared to WH women. Twenty-eight young healthy women (BL:n=14, 224 years; WH:n=14, 224 years) participated. Beat-to-beat BP (Finometer), common femoral artery blood flow (duplex Doppler ultrasound), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA; microneurography) were continuously recorded. In a subset (BL n=10, WH n=11), MSNA and BP were recorded at rest and during a two-minute CPT. Resting sympathetic vascular transduction was quantified as changes in leg vascular conductance (LVC) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) following spontaneous bursts of MSNA using signal-averaging. Sympathetic and BP reactivity was quantified as changes in MSNA and MAP during the last minute of CPT. There were no differences in nadir LVC following resting MSNA bursts between BL (-8.74±3.45%) and WH women (-7.48±3.52%; P=0.431). Likewise, peak increases in MAP following MSNA bursts were not different between groups (BL:+2.80+1.4mmHg; vs. WH: +3.02±1.2mmHg; P=0.623). During CPT, increases in MSNA and MAP were also not different between BL and WH women, with similar transduction estimates between groups (ΔMAP/ΔMSNA; P=0.182). These findings indicate that young, healthy BL women do not exhibit exaggerated sympathetic transduction or augmented sympathetic and BP reactivity during CPT.

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Influence of sex on heightened vasoconstrictor mechanisms in the non‐Hispanic black population

Cited by 4 publications

References 106 publications

Young, non‐Hispanic Black men and women exhibit divergent peripheral and cerebral vascular reactivity

Young, non‐Hispanic Black men and women exhibit divergent peripheral and cerebral vascular reactivity

Precision medicine requires understanding how both sex and gender influence health

Sympathetic transduction at rest and during cold pressor test in young healthy non-Hispanic Black and White women

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