Influence of several non-nutrient additives on nonspecific immunity and growth of juvenile turbot,Scophthalmus maximusL.

Abstract

The effects of three non-nutrient additives on nonspecific immunity and growth of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) were studied in this feeding experiment. The five treatments are basal diet alone, basal diets containing three different additives [0.4 g kg )1 of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS), 1.3 g kg )1 of yeast cell wall and 0.8 g kg )1 of bile acids] individually or in combination. Two hundred and twenty-five turbots (average initial weight 151.3 ± 11.3 g) were randomly allotted in five treatments with three replicates within each treatment in a 72-day period. Comparing with basal diet group, activities of C3, C4, phagocyte, lysozyme, specific growth rate and feed conversion rate in yeast cell wall, XOS and the combined groups was enhanced significantly (P < 0.05); however, these parameters in bile acid groups were increased slightly (P > 0.05) except for phagocyte (P < 0.05); superoxide dismutase activity in additive groups was not significantly increased (P > 0.05) except for the combined group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of yeast cell wall and XOS enhanced the nonspecific immunity of juvenile turbot. Synergistic or additive effect of the three additives was not observed. KEY WORDS

The effect of supplementation with polysaccharides, nucleotides, acidifiers and Bacillus strains in fish meal and soy bean based diets on growth performance in juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

“…Li et al (2008) reported improved growth in turbot, which had an initial weight of 151.3 ± 11.3 g, when fed a pelleted diet supplemented with a commercial yeast product (containing 20% b-glucan and 20% MOS, 1.3 g kg − 1 in diet) for 72 days. However, SGR results (0.75-0.84% day −1 ) were in general low compared to values (1.39-1.46% day −1 ) in this study.…”

“…Researchers suggest that palatability (Arndt et al, 1999;Freitas et al, 2011;Kissil et al, 2000), lack of nutrients (Gatlin et al, 2007), unfavorable amino acid profiles (Li et al, 2008) and antinutritional factors (ANFs) (Francis et al, 2001) of plant meals or concentrates are responsible for reduced feed intake and poor feed conversion in fish species. This may explain performance loss of turbots fed PP-based diets in this study.…”

“…The polysaccharides beta-1,3/1,6-glucans (BG) and mannan oligosaccharides (MOS), isolated from cell walls of yeasts, plants, algae, fungi or bacteria, are widely accepted as diet ingredients with positive effects on growth and health (Bohn and BeMiller, 1995;Meena et al, 2013;Zeković et al, 2005). Treatments with BG and MOS proved to promote growth performance in fish (Ai et al, 2007;Andrews et al, 2009;Kühlwein et al, 2014;Li et al, 2008;Misra et al, 2006;Staykov et al, 2007;Torrecillas et al, 2012;Yoo et al, 2007).…”

“…Despite the progress made with various fish species, the effect of the above-mentioned feed additives on growth performance and feed utilization of commercially important turbot remains limited (Li et al, 2008;Peng et al, 2013;Yun et al, 2011). Few studies have investigated the effectiveness of diet additives on performance and health in fish comparing FM-and PP-based diets Peng et al, 2013;Salze et al, 2010;Yun et al, 2011).…”

Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Various Additives on Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Fatty Acid Composition, Gene Expression and Histopathological Changes in Juvenile Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

“…지금까지 넙치의 효율적이고 안정적인 양식 경영을 위해 기호성과 영양 요구량을 만족시킬 수 있는 배합 사료 조성비에 관한 연구가 중점적으로 수행되어 왔으며 Lee et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2003;Lee and Kim, 2005;Yoo et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2008b), 배합사료의 우수성 또한 증명되면서 (Seo, et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2009b Fernández-Navarro et al, 2008;Li et al, 2008;Ma et al, 2008). 특히, 생약제 (Kim et al, 1998), 송강약돌 (Choi et al, 2004), 녹차 (Cho et al, 2006), 목초액 (Lee et al, 2008a) 및 해조류 혼합물 (Kim et al, 2009c) 등은 넙치용 배합사료 첨가제로서 그 효능이 연구된 바 있다.…”