Influence of Sesbania Brown Manuring and Rice Residue Mulch on Soil Health, Weeds and System Productivity of Conservation Rice–Wheat Systems

Nawaz, Ahmad; Farooq, Muhammad; Lal, Rattan; Rehman, Abdul; Hussain, Tanweer; Nadeem, Asif

doi:10.1002/ldr.2578

Cited by 73 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…the highest bulk density and the lowest total soil porosity values. Indeed, poor soil physical status adversely affects the wheat performance in rice-wheat system (Nawaz et al, 2017), by affecting the root penetration. On the other hand, the poor soil physical status of wheat crop in zone disk tilled wheat might be the function of clogging due to uprooting of standing stubbles by seeding coulters of zone disk tiller which enhanced the soil bulk density (Green and Poisson, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Different No-till Techniques at Varying Heights of Standing Rice Stubbles on the Wheat Performance

Rafiq¹,

Ahmad²,

Jabbar³

et al. 2017

IJAB

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In rice-wheat cropping system of Punjab, Pakistan, seeding directly into the standing rice stubbles is gaining popularity. This study was conducted to develop the most favorable and economical no-till technique for wheat sowing in combine-harvested paddy fields with different residue conditions. The experiment was comprised of three no-till techniques viz. (1) turbo seeder, (2) happy seeder and (3) zone disk tiller. There were four heights of standing rice stubbles viz. (1) 15 cm, (2) 30 cm, (3) 45 cm, and (4) 60 cm. Different no-till techniques at various heights of standing rice stubbles significantly affected the stand establishment and yield related traits of wheat during both growing seasons. Turbo seeded plot showed 12-14% more total soil porosity in comparison with zone disk tiller sown field. Conversely, wheat plots sown by zone disk tiller exhibited 8% more soil bulk density than turbo seeder sown field. Better stand establishment and grain yield were observed in turbo seeded wheat in comparison with happy seeder and zone disk tiller sown wheat. Among the stubble heights, wheat crop sown in standing rice stubbles at 45 cm height performed the best with maximum germination, 1000 grain weight and grain yield. Furthermore, turbo seeder in standing rice stubbles at 45 cm height significantly produced 32-35% more benefit cost ratio than zone disk tiller at 15 cm stubble height during both years of experiment. In crux, direct drilling of wheat by turbo seeder in rice field combine harvested at 45 cm stubble height is the most viable technology for rice-wheat cropping system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Different No-till Techniques at Varying Heights of Standing Rice Stubbles on the Wheat Performance

Rafiq¹,

Ahmad²,

Jabbar³

et al. 2017

IJAB

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show abstract

“…However, the dynamics of land productivity evaluation were not considered because of the unavailability of data. Since the incorporation of green manure in the orchard can improve soil productivity [38], the soil quality should be monitored and kept updated annually, thus providing a guidance for annual green manure management [63].…”

Section: Land Productivity Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Spatial Expansion of Green Manure Considering Land Productivity and Implementing Strategies

et al. 2018

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Abstract:In modern sustainable agriculture, green manuring is increasingly emphasized for a reasonable land use management. However, the expansion of green manure is affected by a range of factors, such as soil geophysical properties and human intervention. This paper proposes an approach of spatial modelling to understand the mechanisms that influence green manure expansion and map the future distribution of green manure intercropped in the orchards in the Pinggu District, Beijing, China. We firstly classified the orchards into five grades according to a land productivity evaluation, and then considered two strategies for implementing green manure. Two scenarios were designed to represent the strategies: prioritizing low-productivity orchards to promote green manure intercropping (scenario 1) and prioritizing high-productivity orchards to promote green manure intercropping (scenario 2). The spatial expansion of green manure for 2020 was simulated at a resolution of a 100 × 100 m grid in the CLUE-S (the Conversion of Land Use and its Effects at the Small Region Extent) model. The two strategies led to quite different spatial patterns of green manure, although they were applied to the same areas. As a result, the spatial pattern of green manuring of scenario 1 was more concentrated than that of scenario 2. To summarize, the modelled outcomes identified the driving factors that affect green manure expansion at a grid scale, whereas the implementing strategies directly determined the spatial arrangements of green manuring at a regional scale. Therefore, we argue that the assessment of the driving factors and the prediction of the future distribution of green manuring are crucial for informing an extensive use of green manure.

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“…Restoration of soil carbon for a positive outcome of the biosphereto-atmosphere carbon cycle depends on many factors, such as using farmyard manure to build up carbon pools (Srinivasarao et al, 2014) and minimize carbon depletion (Nawaz et al, 2017), using cover crops to increase carbon inputs (Alvarez, Steinbach, & De Paepe, 2017), reducing the frquency of bare fallow in rotation (Lal, 2016), retaining crop residues on the soil surface (Lemke, VandenBygaart, Campbell, Lafond, & Grant, 2010), and reducing soil disturbance with reduced tillage (Nath & Lal, 2017). A key farming practice is to integrate legumes (annual pulses) into rotations to reduce net emissions.…”

Section: Case Study 3 Carbon Sequestration Offsetting Carbon Emissmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Decoupling’ land productivity and greenhouse gas footprints: A review

et al. 2018

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A major challenge of our time is to produce sufficient nutrient‐rich food for the ever‐growing human population with limited land resources. There is a huge gap between current yields and genetic potential in many crops, which can be narrowed by enhancing land productivity. High‐input cropping increases crop yields, but heavy fertilizer and pesticide use can lead to land degradation, increase greenhouse gas footprint, and carry significant risks for eutrophication. What efforts can be taken to ‘decouple’ land productivity and the environmental footprint? Can land productivity increase while concurrently minimizing the environmental footprint? Here, we show that an integrated systems approach can minimize the tradeoff to achieve an effective ‘decoupling’ outcome. Some key components that can be integrated into a system include (i) intensifying crop rotations to enhance carbon conversion from atmospheric CO2 to plant biomass, (ii) diversifying cropping systems to enhance residual soil water and nutrient use and increase systems resilience, (iii) including N2‐fixing pulse crops in rotations to reduce synthetic fertilizer use, (iv) improving fertilizer‐N use efficiency to lower N2O emissions, and (v) sequestering more carbon to the soil to potentially offset CO2 equivalent emissions from cropping inputs. Integration of these proven cropping practices into a system creates a powerful synergy among individual components, thereby improving land productivity and systems resilience for long‐term sustainability. Relevant economic and agro‐environmental policies are needed to reinforce the adoption of a systems approach at the local farm level.

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Influence of Sesbania Brown Manuring and Rice Residue Mulch on Soil Health, Weeds and System Productivity of Conservation Rice–Wheat Systems

Cited by 73 publications

References 40 publications

Influence of Different No-till Techniques at Varying Heights of Standing Rice Stubbles on the Wheat Performance

Influence of Different No-till Techniques at Varying Heights of Standing Rice Stubbles on the Wheat Performance

Modelling the Spatial Expansion of Green Manure Considering Land Productivity and Implementing Strategies

‘Decoupling’ land productivity and greenhouse gas footprints: A review

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