Influence of Sensory Abilities on the Interpersonal Distance of the Elderly

Webb, Jennifer D.; Weber, Margaret J.

doi:10.1177/0013916503251473

Cited by 50 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This is strongly conditioned by the progressive decline in the operation of: (i) perceptive sensors (e.g., limited perception of light and colours, inability to tune out background noise) and (ii) locomotor-cognitive skills (e.g., reduced range of motion, loss of muscle strength and coordination, changes in posture, diminished attention and reaction time, spatial disorientation) [9]. All these bodily changes lead to a subjective perception of physical vulnerability and a sense of fragility at the psychological level [10].…”

Section: Age-driven Pedestrian Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and Group-driven Pedestrian Behaviour: from Observations to Simulations

2016

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The development of pedestrian simulation systems requires the acquisition of empirical evidences about human behaviour for sake of model validation. In this framework, the paper presents the results of an on field observation of pedestrian behaviour in an urban crowded walkway. The research was aimed at testing the potentially combined effect of ageing and grouping on speed and proxemic behaviour. In particular, we focused on dyads, as the most frequent type of groups in the observed scenario. Results showed that in situation of irregular flows elderly pedestrians walked the 40% slower than adults, due to locomotion skill decline. Dyads walked the 30% slower than singles, due to the need to maintain spatial cohesion to communicate (proxemics). Results contributed to refine the parametric validation of the agent-based simulation system ELIAS38.

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Section: Age-driven Pedestrian Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and Group-driven Pedestrian Behaviour: from Observations to Simulations

2016

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“…It is found that there are symptoms of strong correlations between positions of closely located pedestrians [25]. The age, gender, and mobility also play important roles in interpersonal distance [26]. Compared with young people, the elderly need farther international distance [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fundamental diagrams of elderly pedestrian flow in straight corridors under different densities

et al. 2019

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The worldwide population is aging and countries are facing ongoing challenges in meeting the transportation demand of the elderly. In this study, we investigate the movement characteristics of elders in the straight corridor and compare them with that of young adults. The free speeds of the elderly (about 1.28m/s) are obviously slower than that of the young people (about 1.4m/s) in the laboratory experiments. It is found that the fundamental diagram of the elderly shows the similar trend compared with that of young pedestrians. However, at the same densities the speeds of the elderly are always lower than that of the young pedestrians in the observed density range (< 3.0 m -2 ). When the mean velocity calculated from pedestrian movement at low densities is considered, the two normalized fundamental diagrams agree quite well. The reasons for the differences are explored by analyzing the border distance, the nearest neighbors as well as the spatial distribution areas of the pedestrians. Our findings can be useful for the improvement of the pedestrian modelling and the design of pedestrian facilities that are much friendlier to the elderly.

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“…One important control parameter might reside in the clearance one maintains when circumventing the obstruction. Over the last four decades, anthropologists and psychologists theorized that personal space was a zone maintained by individuals to keep others at a comfortable distance during different social interactions (Sommer, 1959;Horowitz, Duff & Stratton, 1964;Little, 1965;Hall, 1966;Dosey & Meisels, 1969;Rawdon & Willis, 1993;Webb & Weber, 2003). In the present work, the term personal space is used to describe a protective space surrounding the body during walking.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

The Negotiation of Stationary and Moving Obstructions during Walking: Anticipatory Locomotor Adaptations and Preservation of Personal Space

Gérin-Lajoie

Richards²,

McFadyen³

2005

Motor Control

181

165

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This article introduces a novel, ecological, obstructed walking paradigm. Gait adaptations to circumvent obstacles undergoing uncertain displacements, and the effect of revealing the obstacle's action beforehand, were investigated in young adults. The personal space (PS) maintained during walking was quantified for the first time under different environmental factors including auditory distractions. Obstacle movement and its uncertainty resulted in gait adjustments aimed at gaining time to assess the situation. Early gait adaptations and constant clearances around the obstacle suggest that anticipation and preplanning are involved in such navigational tasks. Participants systematically maintained an elliptical PS during circumvention, but they adjusted its size according to different environmental factors. There was a relationship between the size of PS and level of attention, which suggests that the regulation of PS is used to control locomotion. This novel paradigm has important implications for the assessment and training of locomotor ability within real world environments.

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Influence of Sensory Abilities on the Interpersonal Distance of the Elderly

Cited by 50 publications

References 20 publications

Age and Group-driven Pedestrian Behaviour: from Observations to Simulations

Age and Group-driven Pedestrian Behaviour: from Observations to Simulations

The fundamental diagrams of elderly pedestrian flow in straight corridors under different densities

The Negotiation of Stationary and Moving Obstructions during Walking: Anticipatory Locomotor Adaptations and Preservation of Personal Space

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