Influence of Selected Per Orally Administered ATB on Microflora of GIT in Experimental Animals

Abstract

Composition of gastrointestinal (GIT) microbiota difers in individual parts of GIT. Only 40% of GIT bacteria are cultivable. Fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization (FISH) can detect non-cultivable bacteria. Perorally administered antibiotics (ATB) afect the composition of microbiota in GIT. The absorbed ATB, namely penicillins, tetracyclines, macrolides or luorochinolons, have diferent inluence in comparison with poorly absorbed oral ATB, such as aminoglycosides, aminocoumarines or polypeptides. This efect is due to retention of high concentration of non-absorbed ATB during passage through GIT and their longer inluence on bacteria living in diferent parts of GIT. Study methods were based on scientiic literature review from PubMed, Elsevier databases and Slovak scientiic publications. We searched for publications between years 1980 and 2016, with keywords: ATB, inluence, microbiota, FISH. The literature review focuses on peroral administration of ATB to humans and animals and its potential efect on composition of GIT microbiota. The relevant studies showed that per orally administered ATB produced many important changes in microbiota of GIT. FISH method was more frequently used for screening the normal composition of microbiota than for studying the efects of ATB although there were some studies dealing also with this issue.