Influence of Selected Insecticides on the Population Dynamics of Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and Its Parasitoid, Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), in Cabbage

Hill, Travis A.; Foster, R. E.

doi:10.18474/0749-8004-38.1.59

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Liu et al (2012a) observed one-third as much parasitism on lambda-cyhalothrin treated broccoli as on nontreated plants, but no effect was observed with spinosad. Hill and Foster (2003) observed greater parasitism in plots treated with spinosad than in untreated plots. Therefore, we reduced parasitism for a HTI.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Modeling the Integration of Parasitoid, Insecticide, and Transgenic Insecticidal Crop for the Long-Term Control of an Insect Pest

et al. 2013

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The tools of insect pest management include host plant resistance, biological control, and insecticides and how they are integrated will inßuence the durability of each. We created a detailed model of the population dynamics and population genetics of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., and its parasitoid, Diadegma insulare (Cresson), to study long-term pest management in broccoli Brassica oleracea L. Given this pestÕs history of evolving resistance to various toxins, we also evaluated the evolution of resistance to transgenic insecticidal Bt broccoli (expressing Cry1Ac) and two types of insecticides. Simulations demonstrated that parasitism provided the most reliable, long-term control of P. xylostella populations. Use of Bt broccoli with a 10% insecticide-free refuge did not reduce the long-term contribution of parasitism to pest control. Small refuges within Bt broccoli Þelds can delay evolution of resistance Ͼ30 generations if resistance alleles are rare in the pest population. However, the effectiveness of these refuges can be compromised by insecticide use. Rainfall mortality during the pestÕs egg and neonate stages signiÞcantly inßuences pest control but especially resistance management. Our model results support the idea that Bt crops and biological control can be integrated in integrated pest management and actually synergistically support each other. However, the planting and maintenance of toxin-free refuges are critical to this integration.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Modeling the Integration of Parasitoid, Insecticide, and Transgenic Insecticidal Crop for the Long-Term Control of an Insect Pest

et al. 2013

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“…Hill and Foster (2000) reported spinosad caused 100% mortality of D. insulare 8 h after treatment under laboratory conditions. However, in a follow-up study, parasitism of P. xylostella larvae was not affected by spinosad application under Þeld conditions (Hill and Foster 2003). In general, it appears that hymenopteran parasitoids are more susceptible to spinosad than predatory insects (Williams et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Insecticides and Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Genotype on a Predator and Parasitoid and Implications for the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance

Liu

Chen

Collins³

et al. 2012

jnl. econ. entom.

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In the laboratory and in cages in the greenhouse, we evaluated the toxicity of two insecticides (lambda-cyhalothrin and spinosad) on the parasitoid, Diadegma insulare (Cresson), and the predator, Coleomegilla maculate (DeGeer), both natural enemies of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.). Lambda-cyhalothrin was very toxic to both natural enemies. Spinosad was less toxic to C. maculata adults and larvae, and slightly toxic to D. insulare. Both natural enemies suppressed P. xylostella populations in cages with 80% spinosad-treated and 20% nontreated plants; such suppression was not seen when lambda-cyhalothrin was used. Using broccoli, Brassica oleracea L. variety italica, a common host for P. xylostella, we also studied direct and indirect effects of both natural enemies in the presence and absence of the two insecticides and to different P. xylostella genotypes: resistant to the insecticide, susceptible, or heterozygous. Neither natural enemy could distinguish host genotype if P. xylostella were feeding on nontreated plants. They could also not distinguish between larvae feeding on spinosad-treated plants and nontreated plants, but D. insulare could distinguish between larvae feeding on lambda-cyhalothrin treated and nontreated plants. Our studies suggest that lambda-cyhalothrin has direct toxicity to these two natural enemies, can affect their host foraging and acceptance of P. xylostella and consequently would not be compatible in conserving these natural enemies in a program for suppression of P. xylostella. In contrast, our studies suggest that treatment with spinosad has much less effect on these natural enemies and would allow them to help suppress populations of P. xylostella. These Þndings are discussed in relation to the evolution of insecticide resistance and suppression of the pest populations.

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“…Several factors can inßuence the nontarget impact of an insecticide in the Þeld. For example, spinosad was extremely toxic to the hymenopteran parasitoid Diadegma insulare (Cresson) in leaf dip assays (Hill and Foster 2000); however, in Þeld experiments D. insulare parasitism of diamondback moth larvae was not affected by spinosad applications (Hill and Foster 2003). In addition, the aforementioned insecticides may have sublethal effects on natural enemies, such as parasitoid oviposition rate and emergence (Brunner et al 2001, Schneider et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, a few narrow-spectrum (more lepidopteran speciÞc) insecticides have been registered for use on bell pepper, including spinosad (Spintor, Dow AgroSciences LLC, Indianapolis, IN), methoxyfenozide (Intrepid, Dow AgroSciences LLC), and indoxacarb (Avaunt, E. I. DuPont de Nemours and Co., Wilmington, DE). These insecticides provide effective control of most lepidopteran pests, whereas generally having greatly reduced toxicity to natural enemies (Brunner et al 2001;Elzen 2001;Baur et al 2003;Hewa-Kapuge et al 2003;Hill and Foster 2003;Schneider et al 2003;Kring 2003a, 2003b;Carton et al 2003;Haseeb et al 2004Haseeb et al , 2005Villanueva and Walgenbach, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Chemical and Biological Control of European Corn Borer in Bell Pepper

Chapman

Kuhar

Schultz

et al. 2009

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Using multiple locations and a series of field trials over 2 yr, we evaluated an integrated pest management program for Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) management in peppers involving biorational chemistries, inundative releases of Trichogramma ostriniae (Pang & Chen), and conservation of generalist predators. In small plot trials, three biorational insecticides (spinosad, indoxacarb, and methoxyfenozide) provided comparable control of O. nubilalis as two broad-spectrum conventional insecticides (acephate and lambda-cyhalothrin). However, lambdacyhalothrin at most locations, and indoxacarb at one location, resulted in outbreaks of green peach aphids. We also observed significant effects on the generalist predator community: beneficial communities in methoxyfenozide-treated plots were most similar to untreated controls, and acephate-treated plots were the least similar. Management systems comparing untreated controls, inundative release of T. ostriniae with methoxyfenozide applied when lepidopterans exceeded thresholds, or weekly applications of acephate or lambda-cyhalothrin, showed no effects on marketable fruit or percentage of fruit damaged, but the conventional insecticide approach caused aphid flares. Inundative releases of T. ostriniae and biorational chemistries provide a more environmentally sound approach to managing O. nubilalis in peppers, due, in part, to conservation of generalist predators.

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Influence of Selected Insecticides on the Population Dynamics of Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and Its Parasitoid, Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), in Cabbage

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Modeling the Integration of Parasitoid, Insecticide, and Transgenic Insecticidal Crop for the Long-Term Control of an Insect Pest

Modeling the Integration of Parasitoid, Insecticide, and Transgenic Insecticidal Crop for the Long-Term Control of an Insect Pest

Effect of Insecticides and Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Genotype on a Predator and Parasitoid and Implications for the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance

Integrating Chemical and Biological Control of European Corn Borer in Bell Pepper

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