Influence of Seedling Age and Nitrogen Rates on Productivity of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.): A Review

Abstract

Rice is an important crop and the food security of the world is strongly associated with it as it is the staple food of half of the world's population. Among various agro-management practices seedling age and nitrogen rates significantly affected its growth, development and yield components. Rice cultivars performed differently when transplanted in field at varying seedling ages depending upon their genetic makeup and adoptability to certain environmental conditions. Seedling age plays an important role in yield contributing parameters like number of productive tillers, panicle length, filled grains panicle −1 and 1000-kernel weight leading to higher paddy yield in different rice cultivars and hybrids. Nitrogen is required in huge quantity in rice production as it is an important constituent of plant parts and processes. Paddy yield increases significantly with the increase in nitrogen rate but after a certain limit yield starts decreasing. Keeping in view the significance of seedling age and nitrogen rates in different rice cultivars and hybrids, an effort has been made to review some research work already conducted and will be helpful to the researchers and scientists to plan future strategies.

Salinity Stress in Wheat: Effects, Mechanisms and Management Strategies

“…Nutrients are essential to alleviate the effects of different abiotic stresses including salinity. Plants use various nutrients including (1) nitrogen (N) and magnesium (Mg) in the photosynthetic process [232], (2) phosphorous (P) for ATP generation, and (3) potassium (K) for stomatal regulation enzyme activation [233,234]. Researchers found a positive response of plants with the use of various mineral nutrients against abiotic stresses; amongst them, tolerance in plants against salinity is acquired with the plenty use of silicon (Si) and potassium (K) [235,236].…”

Productivity and Profitability Analysis of Old Aged Hybrid Rice Seedling Using Nutrient-Rice Expert and Other Precision Nutrient Management Practices at Lamjung, Nepal

“…At low K level an increase in N supply depressed the yield and at higher K level, low N supply increases the yield (IPI, 2014). The results also showed the increase in panicle length, panicle weight, effective tillers/m 2 , filled grains/panicle, test weight may be reasonable to the increased yield.Supported by Subedi, 2013 ;Aslam et al, 2015. Signifiacant "*" ; Highly significant "**" ; very highly significant "***" .…”

Farmers’ understanding in Paya Benua Village, Mendo Barat District on the use of certified rice seeds supporting the green revolution

“…This condition requires efforts to increase productivity, especially rice plants to meet local rice needs in the Bangka Belitung region. Various food types of research were carried out to increase rice productivity, which is still low, using cultivation techniques [2], application of the jajar legowo cropping system [3], controlling pests of rice plants [4] and determining the age of seedlings [5]. BRIN in its research has mapped the gap between potential results and actual results in the field and focused on finding solutions to problems to reduce the yield gap in the field.…”