Influence of saprophages (Isopoda, Diplopoda) on leaf litter decomposition under different levels of humidification and chemical loading

Pokhylenko, A. P.; Дідур, О. О.; Kulbachko, Y. L.; Bandura, Lidia; Chernykh, S.A.

doi:10.15421/012049

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Forest stand composition (leaf litter which serves as a food for diplopods and as habitat both for diplopods and soil algae) is different from natural forests. Within the urbanized areas, anthropogenic factors have a negative impact not only on litter invertebrates, but also on the algae population [38,39]. Zoochory and its units (epi-, syn-, endozoochory) consider the participation of animals in the dispersal of diaspores.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation of Rossiulus kessleri (Diplopoda, Julida) in the Formation of Algae Assemblages of Urbanized Territories

et al. 2022

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Epi- and endozoochory are well explored phenomena that contribute to the distribution patterns of plant seeds, spores or fruits by vertebrates. It is less known how soil algae may be redistributed due to analogous interactions. We describe the participation of saprophage Rossiulus kessleri (Julidae, Diplopoda) in soil algae redistribution. The research was carried out in a park area of a large industrial megacity in the Dnipro steppe region (Ukrainian North Steppe subzone), Dnipro city. Research material was collected according to zoological and algological methods. The leaf litter of tree species (ash maple Acer negundo, Italian poplar Populus deltoides, locust Robinia pseudoacacia, European white elm Ulmus laevis, Norway maple Acer platanoides) and living diplopods were collected within 1 m2 quadrats along transects. Millipedes were maintained without feeding for five days, after which they were fed with the litter collected previously. Identification of algoflora was conducted in washes from the surface of diplopods’ bodies, its gut washes, in diplopods’ excretions and leaf litter washes. In the leaf litter, as R. kessleri’s feeding base, 14 soil algae species were identified—Nostoc punctiforme, Bracteacoccus minor, Mychonastes homosphaera, Neospongiococcum sp., Chlamydomonas sp., Chlorella vulgaris, Stichococcus bacillaris, Pseudococcomyxa simplex, Desmococcus olivaceus, Trebouxia spp., Klebsormidium flaccidum, Nephrodiella phaseolus, Navicula pelliculosa and Vischeria magna. In body surface washes, five soil algae species were identified, in gut washes seven algae species were found, while in excretions, just four were observed. It was established that not all algae species from the gut washes of R. kessleri were present in excretions. The presence of some representatives of soil algae, for example, Chlorella vulgaris and Vischeria magna, in natural park litter, body surface washes, gut washes and in excretions of R. kessleri, suggests that the given species pass through the diplopod’s gut and stay undamaged. This indicates that soil saprophage R. kessleri contributes to the dispersal of some soil algae representatives through epi- and endozoochory. Our results represent novel contributions to the knowledge of zoochory. It was shown that animals can be involved in dispersal of not only plant parts but also entire organisms, although it is unknown at what scale diplopods contribute to the diversity and dispersal of algae.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation of Rossiulus kessleri (Diplopoda, Julida) in the Formation of Algae Assemblages of Urbanized Territories

et al. 2022

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“…Leaf-eating insects can influence decomposition processes by modifying the quality of litter. Many studies have demonstrated that soil fauna such as isopods, gastropods, arthropods and other detritophages significantly affect the decomposition rate (Coulis et al, 2013;David, 2014;Frouz et al, 2015;Hassall et al, 1987;Kozlov et al, 2016;Lukowski et al, 2021;Pokhylenko et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2015;Zimmer et al, 2003). Macroarthropods are believed to enhance the decomposition rate of leaf litter and increase VOC emissions both directly and indirectly.…”

Section: The Role Of Biological Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews and syntheses: VOC emissions from soil cover in boreal and temperate natural ecosystems of the Northern Hemisphere

Isidorov

Zaitsev

2022

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Plant litter decomposition is a biogeochemical process underlying the carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems and between the biosphere and the atmosphere. For the latter, it serves as one of the most important sources of not only carbon dioxide but also volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which have not yet been taken into account in atmospheric models for various purposes and scales, from local to regional and global. This review owes its appearance to the growing interest in decaying leaf litter and living forest floor cover as a hitherto unaccounted for source of photochemically active components of the Earth's atmosphere. This interest is understandable if we take into account the size of this source: for terrestrial ecosystems, the global production of litter is 10 × 1016 g dry matter. The living vegetation cover of the soil on the forest floor, mainly comprising mosses and small shrubs, should also be regarded as a potentially significant source of atmospheric VOCs, as its total biomass may be comparable to or even exceed that of canopy foliage, which is considered the main source of these compounds. This implies a need to integrate these sources into biogenic VOC emission models, which in turn requires extensive research on these sources to understand the conditions and factors that influence VOC emissions. The decomposition of leaf litter, accompanied by the release of VOCs, is a very complex process that depends on a number of biological, chemical and physical environmental factors, but little information is currently available on the role each plays. Equally limited is information on the chemical composition and emission rates of VOCs from these sources. The review focuses on the main gaps in our knowledge of the sources of biogenic VOCs under the forest canopy, and we are confident that filling them will make a significant contribution to solving such an important task as closing the global organic carbon budget.

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“…They tend to be an important part of the litter arthropod biomass in different ecosystems ( Crawford, 1976 ; Golovatch and Kime, 2009 ; Seeber et al, 2010 ). They are also essential in biodegradation of carbon and soil humification in terrestrial ecosystems ( Alagesan, 2016 ; Pokhylenko et al, 2020 ; Supplementary Table 1 ). It has been found that the action of millipedes on leaf litter decreases the C/N ratio and improves some characteristics such as humidity and pH from acidic to neutral ( Ashwini and Sridhar, 2006 ).…”

Section: Terrestrial Arthropods As a Case Of Ecosystem Holobiontsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another astounding example are the terrestrial isopods (Oniscidea), also known as woodlice. These terrestrial crustaceans are among the indispensable and most abundant detritivore soil macrofauna for many temperate habitats, actively participating in nutrient cycling ( Hedde et al, 2007 ; Vos et al, 2011 ; Sutton, 2013 ; Zuo et al, 2014 ; Chen and Shaner, 2018 ; Pokhylenko et al, 2020 ). Woodlice also constitute a fundamental fraction of the macroarthropod fauna in tropical forests and nearby fast-growing plantations ( Pellens and Garay, 1999 ).…”

Section: Terrestrial Arthropods As a Case Of Ecosystem Holobiontsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthropod-Microbiota Integration: Its Importance for Ecosystem Conservation

2021

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Recent reports indicate that the health of our planet is getting worse and that genuine transformative changes are pressing. So far, efforts to ameliorate Earth’s ecosystem crises have been insufficient, as these often depart from current knowledge of the underlying ecological processes. Nowadays, biodiversity loss and the alterations in biogeochemical cycles are reaching thresholds that put the survival of our species at risk. Biological interactions are fundamental for achieving biological conservation and restoration of ecological processes, especially those that contribute to nutrient cycles. Microorganism are recognized as key players in ecological interactions and nutrient cycling, both free-living and in symbiotic associations with multicellular organisms. This latter assemblage work as a functional ecological unit called “holobiont.” Here, we review the emergent ecosystem properties derived from holobionts, with special emphasis on detritivorous terrestrial arthropods and their symbiotic microorganisms. We revisit their relevance in the cycling of recalcitrant organic compounds (e.g., lignin and cellulose). Finally, based on the interconnection between biodiversity and nutrient cycling, we propose that a multicellular organism and its associates constitute an Ecosystem Holobiont (EH). This EH is the functional unit characterized by carrying out key ecosystem processes. We emphasize that in order to meet the challenge to restore the health of our planet it is critical to reduce anthropic pressures that may threaten not only individual entities (known as “bionts”) but also the stability of the associations that give rise to EH and their ecological functions.

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Influence of saprophages (Isopoda, Diplopoda) on leaf litter decomposition under different levels of humidification and chemical loading

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Participation of Rossiulus kessleri (Diplopoda, Julida) in the Formation of Algae Assemblages of Urbanized Territories

Participation of Rossiulus kessleri (Diplopoda, Julida) in the Formation of Algae Assemblages of Urbanized Territories

Reviews and syntheses: VOC emissions from soil cover in boreal and temperate natural ecosystems of the Northern Hemisphere

Arthropod-Microbiota Integration: Its Importance for Ecosystem Conservation

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