Influence of Row Spacing, Seeding Rates and Herbicide Systems on the Competitiveness and Yield of Peanuts1

Hauser, E. W.; Buchanan, G. A.

doi:10.3146/i0095-3679-8-1-18

Cited by 39 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…There was also an approximate 25% improvement in stand in favor of twin rows in 2008. Since seed are spaced much closer together in a single row pattern, it often results in greater plant mortality as there is more intra-row competition for space, light, water, and nutrients than in the twin row pattern, where seed are spread out with more room to grow and explore the soil profile for resources needed to survive (Hauser and Buchanan, 1981;Mozingo and Steele, 1989;Wehtje et al, 1984). This argument is further defended with the 2009 data, as twin rows were 25-38% greater in final stand than single rows, regardless of seeding rate (Table 5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Row Pattern and Seeding Rate Effects on Agronomic, Disease, and Economic Factors in Large-Seeded Runner Peanut

et al. 2011

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Recent peanut cultivar releases are trending to a larger seed size, but have great resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Larger-seeded cultivars cost more to plant than smaller at an equivalent population. Reduced seeding rates could save growers on seed costs and impede the spread of southern stem rot, but can reduce plant stands which can lower yields and increase TSWV incidence. Therefore, the objectives of this experiment were to compare seven peanut cultivars (Georgia Green, Georgia-06G, AT 3085RO, Florida-07, Tifguard, AP-3, and Georgia-03L) in single and twin row patterns at three seeding rates (17, 20, and 23 seed/m) on a sandy loam soil at Plains, GA for disease incidence, agronomic, and economic performance. Measured variables included yield and grade, plant height and stand, TSWV and southern stem rot incidence, and adjusted net revenue in 2008 and 2009. Twin rows outperformed single rows whenever differences occurred. The only factors consistently affected by reducing seeding rate were plant height and stand, both decreased at the lowest seeding rate. There was a trend toward lower yields (approximately 6% reduction) at the 17 seed/m rate in twin row pattern, although net returns were not diminished compared to the higher seeding rates since lower seed costs offset yield reductions. The cultivars Georgia-06G and Florida-07 had the highest yield and adjusted net revenue among the seven cultivars in both years. Tifguard and Georgia Green had lowest overall yields and would not be preferred cultivars in sandy loam soils. This study demonstrates that twin rows have higher yield, plant stands, and net revenue, plus reduced TSWV incidence than single row pattern, and a reduction in seeding rate to 17 seed/m can be made without serious risk of lost revenue. However, benefits of reducing seeding rate in twin rows were not as pronounced as they were for single rows, and exhibited a greater potential for lower yield. A grower planting in single rows would likely have the most to gain from planting fewer seed, especially under heavy southern stem rot pressure, but planting in twin rows would still be a preferred option over single rows.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Row Pattern and Seeding Rate Effects on Agronomic, Disease, and Economic Factors in Large-Seeded Runner Peanut

et al. 2011

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“…Nelson and Smoot [39] reported no difference in corn yield in single and twin rows when planted on 76 cm centers. Yield of twin-row peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is often higher than yield of single-row peanut [40][41][42][43]. Response of cotton to twin-row plantings has been inconsistent [44,45].…”

Section: Advances In Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Control and Corn (Zea mays) Response to Planting Pattern and Herbicide Program with High Seeding Rates in North Carolina

Williams

Heiniger

Everman

et al. 2014

Advances in Agriculture

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Effective weed control in corn (Zea mays L.) is important to optimize yield. Concern over environmental impact of atrazine and selection for glyphosate resistance has increased the need to develop alternative strategies that use herbicides other than atrazine and glyphosate and appropriate cultural practices to control weeds. Research was conducted during 2011 and 2012 to determine weed and corn response to herbicide programs containing dicamba, glufosinate, and glyphosate applied postemergence alone or with atrazine in single-and twin-row planting patterns. Planting pattern had no effect on common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) and Texas panicum (Panicum texanum L.) population and did not interact with herbicide program. Effective weed control hastened maturity in some but not all instances. Under weed-free conditions, corn grain yield was higher in 5 of 7 trials when planted in twin rows versus single rows at equivalent corn populations (141,000 plants ha −1 ). These results suggest that while planting pattern may not impact weed control dramatically, planting corn in twin rows may be an effective alternative to single-row planting patterns because of increased yield under high corn populations.

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“…Higher seeding rates offer the additional benefits of (a) accelerated canopy coverage (Mozingo and Wright, 1994), (b) enhanced weed suppression (Hauser and Buchanan, 1981;Buchanan et al, 1982), and (c) reduced tomato spot wilt virus severity (TSWV) (Brown et al, 1997). Poor plant emergence, associated with inferior seed quality, pests, or adverse environmental conditions re duces plant populations and often leads to reduced yield and economic returns.…”

Section: Impact Of Plant Spacing and Population On Yield For Single-rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Plant Spacing and Population on Yield for Single-Row Nonirrigated Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Sternitzke¹,

Lamb

Davidson

et al. 2000

Peanut Science

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Poor peanut emergence often results in lower yield and loss of revenue. Farmers attempting to recapture lost income sometimes lose even more by replanting because replant costs may exceed the benefits of added yield. The purpose of this study was to develop an empirical equation to predict peanut yield based on total emergence 21 d after planting and an estimate of yield for a full stand of peanuts. Field experiments were conducted in Terrell Co., Georgia during 1997 and 1998 for nonirrigated peanut (cv. Georgia Green) grown in an Americus sand (thermic Rhodic Paleudults). To mimic poor emergence and concomitant random plant spacing, rows within plots were thinned at random locations to attain populations of 4.4,3.3, 2.6,2.1, and 1.6 plants/mrow. Control plots were not thinned and total emergence was approximately 12.7 plants/m-row. As total emer gence and population decreased, yield also decreased 'Agit Eng., Econ., Mech. Eng.,Tech.,Tech., respectively, USDA, ARS Nat. Peanut Res. Lab., 1011 Forrester Drive, S.E., Dawson, GA 31742. * Corresponding author (email: dsternitzke@nprl.usda.gov).whereas pod mass per plant increased. This increase was likely attributed to a reduction in competition from adjacent peanut plants for water, nutrients, and light. Higher population treatments had smaller pod mass/ plant and greater overall yield than lower population treatments with higher pod mass/plant. Random plantto-plant spacing associated with poor emergence was used to predict pod mass/plant as a function of average plant spacing. Results from this research established models defining the relationship of the rate of change of pod mass per plant with average plant spacing and provided a new method of predicting yield in the event of poor emergence.Key Words: Emergence, pod mass, pod yield.Producers in the southern U.S. commonly plant run ner-type peanuts at a rate of approximately 20 seed/m on 0.91 m row widths (Wehtje et al., 1994). The relatively high seeding rate is used as a hedge against poor emer-

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Influence of Row Spacing, Seeding Rates and Herbicide Systems on the Competitiveness and Yield of Peanuts1

Cited by 39 publications

References 4 publications

Row Pattern and Seeding Rate Effects on Agronomic, Disease, and Economic Factors in Large-Seeded Runner Peanut

Row Pattern and Seeding Rate Effects on Agronomic, Disease, and Economic Factors in Large-Seeded Runner Peanut

Weed Control and Corn (Zea mays) Response to Planting Pattern and Herbicide Program with High Seeding Rates in North Carolina

Impact of Plant Spacing and Population on Yield for Single-Row Nonirrigated Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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