Influence of root components of celery on pyrene bioaccessibility, soil enzymes and microbial communities in pyrene and pyrene-diesel spiked soils

Abstract

Though phytoremediation is deemed as a promising approach to restore polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) contaminated sites, studies about how the biodegradation of PAHs is enhanced still remains incomprehensive. Effects of root components on pyrene bioaccessibility, soil enzymes and microbial communities were explored in the paper, and their interactions in simulated pyrene and pyrene-diesel spiked microcosms were tried to give a reasonable explanation. Results indicated that root components enhanced the pyrene removal of bioaccessible and adsorbed fractions by 16.10 and 1.80mgkg, respectively, in pyrene-spiked soils at the end of the experiment. By contrast, root components increased the degradation of bioaccessible fraction by only 3.3mgkg in pyrene-diesel spiked soils. Although the bound fractions of pyrene increased over time in treatments without root components, they remained relatively stable, ranging from 0.02 to 0.03mgkg, in root components amended treatments. Activities of soil enzymes (polyphenol oxidase, catalase, invertase, urease and alkaline phosphatase) varied differently in response to pollutants and root components. Analysis of phospholipid fatty acids revealed that root components increased the biomass of soil microorganisms and altered the microbial structure. Pearson correlation analysis proved positive correlations between all the microbial subgroups and pyrene removal in pyrene-spiked soils, but the degradation of bioaccessible pyrene was only positively related with microorganisms confirmed by monounsaturated fatty acids in pyrene-diesel spiked soils.

A Novel Combination of Surfactant Addition and Persulfate-assisted Electrokinetic Oxidation for Remediation of Pyrene-Contaminated Soil

“…Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) which may be produced commercially to be utilized as an intermediate in the production of pigments or it can be found in emissions of incomplete combustion of kerosene and diesel. The crystalline structure of pyrene (C 16 H 10 ) is a four-ring PAHs that is solid at room temperature due to different neutrons 1,2 . The long-term and continuous emission of PAHs into the environment can pose a serious threat to human health and environment through air pollution or soil contamination pathways, e.g., through industrial discharges and some agricultural tradi-tions and improper practices of waste disposal 3,4 .…”

Assessment of organic compost and biochar in promoting phytoremediation of crude-oil contaminated soil using Calendula officinalis in the Loess Plateau, China

“…Wang et al (2018) reported that crude-oil contamination increased soil pH, which in turn significantly decreased soil nutrient availability and α diversity of soil microbial community. Thus, biochar amendment induced high soil pH could significantly affect the phytoremediation efficiency, soil nutrient content and abundance and diversity of soil microbial community (Fernandez et al, 2014;Ghosh et al, 2014;Fernanda et al, 2017;Wei et al, 2017;Hussain et al, 2018). In the present study, biochar and compost were co-amended and resulted in a significant increase in soil nutrient content, OTU number, OTU abundance and diversity indices of soil microbial community, but soil pH decreased as compared with the biochar amendment.…”

“…3). Soil DHA and PPO are important oxidoreductases related to the biodegradation of alkanes and aromatics (Tang et al, 2010;Wei et al, 2017). The increased soil DHA and PPO activities indicate the enhanced soil microbial activity (Wang et al, 2015), as demonstrated by the abundance and diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities (Table 4).…”

The Role of Dactylis Glomerata and Diesel Oil in the Formation of Microbiome and Soil Enzyme Activity

“…Plants useful in PAH removal from soil also include Mariscus alternifolius and Fimbristylis ferruginea [86]; Festuca arundinacea, F. elata and F. gigantea [80]; and Hylotelephium spectabile [87]. A significant role of plants in the phytoremediation of petroleum-based pollutants was also confirmed by Jing et al [100] and Iqbal et al [37]. The transformation of hydrocarbons was also dependent on their structure and properties, i.e., faster degradation was observed for those with a simpler structure than for the more complex ones.…”