Influence of Resistance to Streptogramin A Type Antibiotics on the Activity of Quinupristin-Dalfopristin In Vitro and in Experimental Endocarditis Due to
            <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>

Zarrouk, Virginie; Bozdoğan, Bülent; Leclercq, Roland; Garry, Louis; Carbon, C; Fantin, Bruno

doi:10.1128/aac.44.5.1168-1173.2000

Cited by 19 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Zarrouk et al (36) reported that the staphylococcal strains resistant to A compounds but susceptible to B compounds remain susceptible to mixtures in vitro and in vivo. According to our previous (19) and present results, this is true when the strains carry vgaAv alone but not when they carry three SGA r genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal Diversity among Streptogramin A-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Collected in French Hospitals

Haroche¹,

Morvan²,

Davi³

et al. 2003

J Clin Microbiol

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We analyzed 62 clinical isolates of streptogramin A-resistant (SGA r ) Staphylococcus aureus collected between 1981 and 2001 in 14 hospitals located in seven French cities. These isolates, including five with decreased susceptibility to glycopeptides, were distributed into 45 antibiotypes and 38 SmaI genotypes. Each of these genotypes included between 1 and 11 isolates, the SmaI patterns of which differed by no more than three bands. Although numerous clones were identified, we observed the spread of monoclonal isolates either within the same hospital or within hospitals in distinct cities and at large time intervals. Hybridization with probes directed against 10 SGA r genes (vatA, vatB, vatC, vatD, vatE, vgaA, vgaB, vgaAv, vgbA, and vgbB) revealed six patterns: vgaAv (21 isolates), vatA-vgbA (24 isolates), vgaAv-vatB-vgaB (14 isolates), vgaAv-vatA-vgbA (1 isolate), vgaAv-vatA-vgbA-vatB-vgaB (1 isolate), and vgaA (1 isolate). We detected at least one SGA r determinant in all of the tested isolates. vgaAv, which is part of the recently characterized transposon Tn5406, was found in 59.7% of the tested isolates. Of the 16 streptogramin B-susceptible isolates, 14 carried vgaAv alone and were susceptible to the mixtures of streptogramins, whereas the 2 isolates carrying vgaAv-vatB-vgaB were resistant to these mixtures. vatA-vgbA was found on plasmids of the same apparent size in 26 (42%) of the tested clinical isolates from 18 unrelated SmaI genotypes. The possible dissemination of some of the multiple clones characterized in the present study with an expected increased selective pressure of streptogramins following the recent licensing of Synercid (quinupristin-dalfopristin) must be carefully monitored.Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a major nosocomial pathogen worldwide. Glycopeptides have been the reference drugs for the treatment of MRSA infections (16,21,30). After the emergence of clones with decreased susceptibility to these antibiotics, first reported as sporadic cases in several countries and more recently also as outbreaks, alternative treatments such as quinupristin-dalfopristin (Synercid) have been promoted (17,21,33). Quinupristin and dalfopristin are derivatives of pristinamycins IA and IIA, respectively (10). Quinupristin-dalfopristin is an injectable, semisynthetic, mixture with a synergistic activity against most gram-positive pathogens. Since 1999, quinupristin-dalfopristin has been available for use in hospitals for the treatment of infections caused by gram-positive cocci that are resistant to other antibiotics.Quinupristin-dalfopristin and the natural antibiotics produced by streptomycetes, such as streptogramin, pristinamycin, synergistin, mikamycin, and virginiamycin, are mixtures of two classes of compounds, A and B, with distinct primary structures (10, 14). The A compounds are polyunsaturated cyclic macrolactones, and the B compounds are cyclic hexadepsipeptides. Both types of compounds bind different targets in the peptidyltransferase domain of the 23S ribosoma...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal Diversity among Streptogramin A-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Collected in French Hospitals

Haroche¹,

Morvan²,

Davi³

et al. 2003

J Clin Microbiol

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“…The Q-D dosing regimen provided areas under the curve for quinupristin and dalfopristin comparable to those achieved in humans after intravenous injection of 7.5 mg of Q-D/kg (6,8). The vancomycin regimen produced peak (40 Ϯ 8 g/ml) and trough (12 Ϯ 5 g/ml) levels in serum comparable to those recommended for humans with severe infections (18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Indeed, a synergistic interaction has previously been reported between Q-D and ␤-lactams in vitro and in vivo (17). The combination of Q-D and vancomycin against strains of MRSA might therefore be of clinical interest in order to increase the bactericidal activity of Q-D and to decrease the risk of emergence of resistance to both antibiotics since strains resistant to Q-D have been selected in vivo (18). Moreover, studies done in vitro (12) and in an infected fibrin clot model study (11) suggested the benefit of this combination.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Aortic endocarditis was induced in rabbits as described previously (18,19). Twenty-four hours after catheter insertion, each rabbit was inoculated intravenously with 1 ϫ 10 6 to 5 ϫ 10 6 CFU of S. aureus in 1 ml of sterile saline.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antibiotics were used at concentrations achievable in human and rabbit sera (6,8,18). Q-D was used at concentrations of 1 and 4 g/ml, and vancomycin was used at concentrations of 1, 8, and 32 g/ml.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacies of Quinupristin-Dalfopristin Combined with Vancomycin In Vitro and in Experimental Endocarditis Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Relation to Cross-Resistance to Macrolides, Lincosamides, and Streptogramin B- Type Antibiotics

Pavie

Lefort

Zarrouk

et al. 2002

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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A beneficial effect of the combination of quinupristin-dalfopristin and vancomycin was observed against two methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus harboring or not harboring the ermC gene, which codes for constitutive macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance. The beneficial effect was observed in time-kill studies, in which the drugs were used at inhibitory concentrations, and in a rabbit model of endocarditis, in which the combination was highly bactericidal and more active than monotherapies.

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An in‐house 45‐plex array for the detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in Gram‐positive bacteria

et al. 2022

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Identifying antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and determining their occurrence in Gram‐positive bacteria provide useful data to understand how resistance can be acquired and maintained in these bacteria. We describe an in‐house bead array targeting AMR genes of Gram‐positive bacteria and allowing their rapid detection all at once at a reduced cost. A total of 41 AMR probes were designed to target genes frequently associated with resistance to tetracycline, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, pleuromutilins, phenicols, glycopeptides, aminoglycosides, diaminopyrimidines, oxazolidinones and particularly shared among Enterococcus and Staphylococcus spp. A collection of 124 enterococci and 62 staphylococci isolated from healthy livestock animals through the official Belgian AMR monitoring (2018–2020) was studied with this array from which a subsample was further investigated by whole‐genome sequencing. The array detected AMR genes associated with phenotypic resistance for 93.0% and 89.2% of the individual resistant phenotypes in enterococci and staphylococci, respectively. Although linezolid is not used in veterinary medicine, linezolid‐resistant isolates were detected. These were characterized by the presence of optrA and poxtA , providing cross‐resistance to other antibiotics. Rarer, vancomycin resistance was conferred by the vanA or by the vanL cluster. Numerous resistance genes circulating among Enterococcus and Staphylococcus spp. were detected by this array allowing rapid screening of a large strain collection at an affordable cost. Our data stress the importance of interpreting AMR with caution and the complementarity of both phenotyping and genotyping methods. This array is now available to assess other One‐Health AMR reservoirs.

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Influence of Resistance to Streptogramin A Type Antibiotics on the Activity of Quinupristin-Dalfopristin In Vitro and in Experimental Endocarditis Due to Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract: We evaluated the activity of quinupristin-dalfopristin (Q-D) against three clinical strains of

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Clonal Diversity among Streptogramin A-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Collected in French Hospitals

Clonal Diversity among Streptogramin A-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Collected in French Hospitals

Efficacies of Quinupristin-Dalfopristin Combined with Vancomycin In Vitro and in Experimental Endocarditis Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Relation to Cross-Resistance to Macrolides, Lincosamides, and Streptogramin B- Type Antibiotics

An in‐house 45‐plex array for the detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in Gram‐positive bacteria

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