Influence of Residual Stress on Fatigue Crack Growth in Thick-Walled Cylinders

Stacey, A.; Webster, G. A.

doi:10.1520/stp17176s

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…(4) can be integrated to yield crack length versus number of cycles. Fatigue crack growth rates may also be correlated to K eff as first proposed by Elber 8,9 K eff = K max − K open (5) da dN = g ( K eff ) .…”

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confidence: 89%

“…Elastic strains and the associated residual stresses arise to enforce the strain compatibility required for a continuum. 3 Examples of introducing residual stress through plastic deformation include the presetting of springs, 4 the autofrettage of gun tubes, 5 and the cold working of fastener holes. 6 Fatigue crack growth rates through residual stress fields are commonly predicted using linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) and the principle of superposition.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In eq. (5), K open is defined as the stress intensity factor due to P open , the minimum applied load necessary to open the crack at its tip. In many materials, this load is greater than the minimum load in the fatigue cycle due to the presence of a plastic wake left in the path of the fatigue crack.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fatigue crack growth through a residual stress field introduced by plastic beam bending

Jones

Dunn

2008

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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A B S T R A C TWe present predictions and measurements of fatigue crack growth rates in plastically bent aluminium 2024-T351 beams. Beam bending and fatigue were carefully controlled to minimize factors other than residual stress that could affect the fatigue crack growth rate, such as large plastic strains or residual stress relaxation. The residual stress introduced by bending was characterized by a bending method and by the slitting method, with excellent agreement between the two methods. Crack growth rates were predicted by three linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) superposition based methods and compared to experimental measurements. The prediction that included the effects of partial crack closure correlated with experimental data to within the variability normally observed in fatigue crack growth rate testing of nominally residual stress free material. Therefore, we conclude that crack growth through residual stress fields may be predicted using the concept of superposition as accurately as crack growth through residual stress free material, provided that the residual stress is accurately known, the residual stress remains stable during fatigue, the material properties are not changed by the introduction of residual stress, and that the effect, if any, of partial crack closure is taken into account. a = crack length B = specimen thickness da/dN = fatigue crack growth rate h(x,a) = weight function K A = stress intensity factor due to applied external forces K max = applied stress intensity factor at P max K min = applied stress intensity factor at P min K ssy = applied stress intensity factor at which small scale yield criteria is violated K open = the stress intensity factor due to P open K R = stress intensity factor due to residual stress K T = total stress intensity factor K T max = total stress intensity factor at P max K T min = total stress intensity factor at P min K T ssy = total stress intensity factor at which small scale yield criteria is violated

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confidence: 99%

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Fatigue crack growth through a residual stress field introduced by plastic beam bending

Jones

Dunn

2008

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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“…[135][136][137][138][139] The literature also includes attention to non-aerospace applications such as rails. 140 The autofrettage method employed to induce compressive residual stresses in the bores of cannons and thick-section gun barrels [141][142][143][144] can also be regarded as an alternative form of CX.…”

Section: O L D E X Pa N S I O N O F H O L E Smentioning

confidence: 99%

A literature survey on the stability and significance of residual stresses during fatigue

McClung

2007

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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181

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A B S T R A C T Many manufacturing processes can induce residual stresses in components. These residual stresses influence the mean stress during cyclic loading and so can influence the fatigue life. However, the initial residual stresses induced during manufacturing may not remain stable during the fatigue life. This paper provides a broad and extensive literature survey addressing the stability of surface and near-surface residual stress fields during fatigue, including redistribution and relaxation due to static mechanical load, repeated cyclic loads, thermal exposure and crack extension. The implications of the initial and evolving residual stress state for fatigue behaviour and life prediction are addressed, with special attention to fatigue crack growth. This survey is not a critical analysis; no detailed attempt is made to evaluate the relative merits of the different explanations and models proposed, to propose new explanations or models or to provide quantitative conclusions. Primary attention is given to the residual stresses resulting from four major classes of manufacturing operations: shot peening and related surface treatments, cold expansion of holes, welding and machining. A = function of material and temperature C = empirical constant CX = cold expansion DOD = Department of Defence DR = deep rolling EP = electropolished FAA = Federal Aviation Administration FCG = fatigue crack growth FE = finite element FTI = Fatigue Technology, Inc. GBP = glass bead peening GP = gravity peening JSSG = Joint Service Specification Guide k = Boltzmann's constant LBP = low plasticity burnishing LCF = low-cycle fatigue LSP = laser shock peening m = empirical constant Correspondence: R. C. McClung. Fatigue Fract Engng Mater Struct 30, 173-205 173 174 R. C. McCLUNG Q = effective activation energy for residual stress relaxation R = stress ratio S-N = Stress-Life SP = shot peening SR = stress relieved t = time T = Temperature USAF = United States Air Force WP = water peening σ RS = residual stress 3D = three-dimensional

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“…Procedures for incorporating the stresses resulting from externally applied loads into appropriate assessment procedures are well established. Residual stresses can also influence the load beating capacity of a component (Stacey and Webster, 1988;Webster, 1989 Knowledge of the magnitudes and distribution of residual stresses in engineering components can assist in preventing catastrophic failure and also in improving performance. Determination of the magnitude and distribution of residual stresses which exist in a component can be difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Neutron Diffraction for Engineering Residual Stress Measurements

Ezeilo

Webster

1999

Texture, Stress, and Microstructure

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The increasing awareness amongst engineers and designers, of the significance of residual stresses in influencing the useful lifetimes ofengineering components, has resulted in more demanding expectations being placed on the methods used to obtain these stresses. The neutron diffraction technique is emerging as the most attractive measuring method as the residual stresses can usually be obtained non-destructively to depths of up to 40 mm in some common engineering materials. Although it is a relatively new technique it has been used to measure the residual stresses in a range of engineering materials introduced by a wide variety of manufacturing processes such as welding, quenching, machining, shot peening, cold hole expansion and autofrettage.In this paper the neutron diffraction technique for non-destructive residual stress measurements will be described including methods used to validate the measurements. Precautions that should be taken in order to obtain reliable measurements are outlined. Procedures being investigated in order to produce a code of practice will be presented.A representative selection of stress distributions developed by a range of manufacturing processes is examined. Some comparisons are made with strain gauge, X-ray and numerical predictions. It is shown how the results can be of benefit in engineering stress analysis.

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Influence of Residual Stress on Fatigue Crack Growth in Thick-Walled Cylinders

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Fatigue crack growth through a residual stress field introduced by plastic beam bending

Fatigue crack growth through a residual stress field introduced by plastic beam bending

A literature survey on the stability and significance of residual stresses during fatigue

Advances in Neutron Diffraction for Engineering Residual Stress Measurements

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