Influence of Ramadan-type fasting on enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism and brush border membrane in small intestine and liver of rat used as a model

Farooq, Neelam; Priyamvada, Shubha; Arivarasu, N. A.; Salim, Samina; Khan, Farah; Yusufi, A. N. K.

doi:10.1017/bjn20061942

Cited by 26 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Thus these enzymes appeared to be differentially affected by fasting [10] and or re-feeding due to their location and organization in different membranes. The effect of fasting was also different on intestine and kidney BBM enzymes [2,8,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…For example, fasting (starvation) is known to produce extensive changes in the structure and functions of intestine, liver and kidney [2,5,6]. However, short-term fasting followed by re-feeding, restricted calorific intake, intermittent fasting and/or Ramadan fasting (Islamic fasting) in which Muslims fast dawn to dusk and allowed to eat after sunset to dawn for about a month have been shown to have beneficial effects in humans and experimental animals [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of fasting and fasting-refeeding on the structure, metabolism and transport functions of renal cortical proximal tubules from different kidney regions

Salim¹,

Farooqui²,

Asghar³

et al. 2017

Integr Food Nutr Metab

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and HMP-shunt pathway but enzymes of gluconeogenesis were increased by fasting in rat intestine and kidney [2,10]. BBM biomarker enzymes and transport of Pi was also decreased by 1, 3, and 5 d fasting in superficial and juxta-medullary cortex of rat kidney [10]. Now we have determined the effect of fasting and fasting-re-feeding on the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, BBM in the homogenates and/ or BBMVs prepared from whole (BBMV-WC), superficial (BBMV-SC) and juxta-medullary cortex (BBMV-JMC) of rat kidney. The transport of Pi was also simultaneously determined under same experimental conditions in freshly prepared BBM vesicles. The results show that fasting caused significant decrease in metabolic enzymes involved in energy generation that caused decrease in transport functions of the kidney but re-feeding prevented the effect of fasting and caused increase in energy metabolism, BBM integrity and transport of Pi.In conclusion, the results show that the kidney has much greater capacity to adapt and try to keep positive balance of various ions and nutrients under acute situations. Material and methodsWistar rats were purchased from All India Institute of Medical Sciences (New Delhi, India). AbstractThe effect of fasting and fasting-re-feeding was studied on certain serum parameters; enzymes of brush border membrane and carbohydrate metabolism; transport of Pi in different anatomical parts of rat kidney. Fasting decreased the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) but increased the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and fructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase (FBPase); glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and malic enzyme (ME). Activities of brush border membrane (BBM) and the transport of Pi in BBM vesicles prepared from superficial and juxta-medullary cortex were also decreased. The feeding of a normal diet to fasted rats reversed the effect of fasting on various parameters. The activities of BBM enzymes and Pi transport elevated to above fasting levels close to control values. Kinetic parameters determined for BBM enzymes and Pi transport affected by fasting and/or re-feeding by alteration in the V max and K m values. The enzymes of glucose degradation decreased but those of its production increased by fasting were also returned back towards control values by re-feeding. Serum Pi, phospholipids and cholesterol affected by fasting were also normalized by re-feeding. The results show that fasting caused significant decrease in metabolic enzymes involved in energy generation caused decrease in transport functions of the kidney but re-feeding could ameliorate the effect of fasting. In conclusion, the results show that the kidney can adapt too much greater extent under acute situations Abbreviations: AlkPase: Alkaline phosphatase; BBM: Brush border membrane; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; BBMV: Brush border membrane vesicle; FBPase: Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase; G6PDH: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; GGTase: ɤ-glutamyl transferase;

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fasting and fasting-refeeding on the structure, metabolism and transport functions of renal cortical proximal tubules from different kidney regions

Salim¹,

Farooqui²,

Asghar³

et al. 2017

Integr Food Nutr Metab

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus these enzymes appeared to be differentially affected by fasting due to their location and organization in different tissues. The effect of fasting was also different on intestine and kidney BBM enzymes [2,3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The enzymes of glucose metabolism involved in glycolysis and HMP-shunt were also decreased but enzymes of gluconeogenesis increased by fasting [2]. However, Islamic fasting during the month of Ramadan increased many of those enzymes in the intestine and kidney and renal transport of Pi was also increased in experimental rats [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Effect of Fasting on Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Brush Border Membrane and on Transport Functions in Superficial and Juxta-Medullary Cortex of Rat Kidney

Salim¹,

Farooqui²,

Asghar³

et al. 2017

J Nutr Food Sci

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The effect of 1, 3 and 5-day fasting was studied on serum parameters; enzymes of brush border membrane and carbohydrate metabolism; transport of Pi and proline in different parts of the rat kidney. Fasting decreased the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase but increased the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme. These observations suggest that the degradation of glucose is decreased but its production by gluconeogenesis is enhanced upon fasting. Fasting led to significant decrease in the specific activities of Brush Border Membrane (BBM) enzymes, alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transferase in BBM vesicles prepared from superficial and juxta-medullary cortex. The transport of Pi was also decreased albeit differentially in these BBM preparations. Kinetic studies revealed that the activity of BBM enzymes and Pi transport decreased due to changes in V max and K m values. The results show that fasting caused significant decrease in metabolic enzymes involved in energy generation that led to decreased transport functions of the kidney.

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Epigallocatechin gallate and coenzyme Q10 attenuate cisplatin‐induced hepatotoxicity in rats via targeting mitochondrial stress and apoptosis

Fatima

Suhail

Alrashed

et al. 2021

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Despite the extensive use of cisplatin (CP) as a chemotherapeutic agent, its clinical use is often restricted by undesirable side effects, such as toxicity to normal tissues. The aim of this study was to probe the effect of a combinatorial treatment of low multiple doses of antioxidants on CP‐induced toxicity and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in hepatocytes. Animals received a single toxic dose of CP (7.5 mg/kg body weight) with or without combined multiple doses of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) (15 and 5 mg/kg body weight, respectively). CP‐treated animals showed altered biochemical parameters, denoting hepatotoxicity, which was markedly improved by the multidose treatment with EGCG + CoQ10. The increased levels of oxidants found in the cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions isolated from the liver of CP‐administered rats were significantly attenuated by the combinatorial doses of antioxidants. EGCG + CoQ10 ameliorated the CP‐induced compromised antioxidant defenses, oxidative modification of macromolecules, decreased activities of respiratory chain enzymes, altered membrane depolarization, and swelling of liver mitochondria. Furthermore, EGCG + CoQ10 treatment inhibited CP‐induced apoptosis by suppressing the activation and mitochondrial accumulation of proapoptotic proteins and preventing the inhibition of antiapoptotic protein expression, cytochrome c efflux, caspase‐3 activation, and DNA fragmentation. Histological findings further confirmed the protective effects of EGCG + CoQ10 against CP‐induced cellular injury. Our findings revealed that the combination of EGCG and CoQ10, owing to their individual antioxidant properties, can be an effective remedy, which by maintaining redox hemostasis attenuate the mitochondrial stress‐mediated molecular and cellular processes involved in CP‐induced liver toxicity and cell death.

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Influence of Ramadan-type fasting on enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism and brush border membrane in small intestine and liver of rat used as a model

Cited by 26 publications

References 46 publications

Effect of fasting and fasting-refeeding on the structure, metabolism and transport functions of renal cortical proximal tubules from different kidney regions

Effect of fasting and fasting-refeeding on the structure, metabolism and transport functions of renal cortical proximal tubules from different kidney regions

Effect of Fasting on Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Brush Border Membrane and on Transport Functions in Superficial and Juxta-Medullary Cortex of Rat Kidney

Epigallocatechin gallate and coenzyme Q10 attenuate cisplatin‐induced hepatotoxicity in rats via targeting mitochondrial stress and apoptosis

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