Influence of Rainfree Period After Asulam Application on Johnsongrass (<i>Sorghum halepense)</i>Control

Bruff, Stacey A.; Griffin, James L.; Richard, Edward P.

doi:10.1017/s0890037x0002340x

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…c A non-ionic surfactant (0.25% v/v) was added to all herbicide treatments. -------------g/ha ----------------------------------------------------------------------g ---------------------------------------------------- This result might be partially explained by the slow activity of asulam (Bruff et al 1995;Millhollon 1976;Richard 1986Richard , 1990. At 4 WAT, the effects of asulam on johnsongrass were incomplete.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Control of Rhizome Johnsongrass (Sorghum Halepense) in Sugarcane with Trifloxysulfuron and Asulam

Richard

2008

Weed technol.

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It has been suggested that trifloxysulfuron might increase the efficacy of asulam for control of johnsongrass. Container and field studies were conducted to determine the efficacy of POST applications of trifloxysulfuron and asulam for johnsongrass control in sugarcane. Asulam was applied at 460 and 920 g ai/ha to container-grown johnsongrass plants, with and without 8 g ai/ha of trifloxysulfuron. Combinations of asulam and trifloxysulfuron generally reduced johnsongrass height, rhizome length, and biomass more than when either was applied alone. Results suggested that combinations of asulam and trifloxysulfuron were synergistic in their control of johnsongrass biomass 8 wk after treatment. In a sugarcane field heavily infested with rhizome johnsongrass, asulam was applied at 1,800, 2,800, and 3,700 g/ha with and without trifloxysulfuron at 16 g/ha. Asulam plus trifloxysulfuron generally controlled johnsongrass more effectively than either herbicide alone. The control of johnsongrass with asulam at 1,800 g/ha resulted in an increase in sugar yield of more than twice that in the nontreated control. Sugar yield increased further when asulam was applied at 2,800 g/ha or combined with trifloxysulfuron, but application of trifloxysulfuron alone did not increase yield. Combinations of asulam and trifloxysulfuron might slow the spread of rhizome johnsongrass enough to allow an increased number of ratoon crops before sugarcane fields need to be replanted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Asulam fails to completely control rhizome johnsongrass. Asulam also requires an extended rain-free period for maximum control (Bruff et al 1995;Richard 1986). Failure to control johnsongrass results in higher infestation levels in subsequent ratoon crops, warranting the premature destruction of the crop to rehabilitate fields.…”

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confidence: 99%

Control of Rhizome Johnsongrass (Sorghum Halepense) in Sugarcane with Trifloxysulfuron and Asulam

Richard

2008

Weed technol.

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“…Most simulated rainfall studies to investigate the potential of adjuvants to enhance herbicide efficacy and rainfastness have been conducted in the greenhouse. Weed response to simulated rainfall in the field may differ from the greenhouse, as observed with asulam on johnsongrass (Bruff et al 1995). This research evaluated the effect of various adjuvants with glyphosate on rainfastness and johnsongrass control under field conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) Control and Rainfastness with Glyphosate and Adjuvants

1998

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Glyphosate and adjuvant combinations were applied to rhizome johnsongrass at vegetative and reproductive growth stages to evaluate control and rainfastness in field studies. Using a rainfall simulator delivering 1.3 cm of water in 15 min, plots received either no rainfall or rainfall 15 or 60 min after glyphosate was applied at 2.1 kg ai/ha in combination with the nonionic surfactants Kinetic®HV at 0.25% (v/v) or Induce®at 1.0% (v/v) or the silicone surfactant Break-Thru®at 0.125% (v/v). Regardless of adjuvant, rainfall 15 or 60 min after application reduced johnsongrass control compared with no rainfall. Johnsongrass control 14 d after treatment at the reproductive stage was at least 89% with no rainfall, but no more than 53 and 65% with rainfall at 15 and 60 min, respectively. Based on initial weed control, adjuvants did not consistently improve rainfastness. Johnsongrass regrowth did not occur when glyphosate was applied with either adjuvant. In contrast, for glyphosate applied to johnsongrass in the vegetative stage, addition of Break-Thru improved control over Induce at both 15- and 60-min rainfall timings in one of two experiments. With no rainfall, addition of Kinetic HV and Break-Thru increased johnsongrass control in only one experiment. For application at the vegetative stage, johnsongrass regrowth averaged across rainfall timings was no more than 10%. In other field experiments, glyphosate at 1.4 kg/ha plus nonionic surfactants, silicone surfactant, crop oil concentrate, methylated seed oil, or a blend of silicone surfactant and methylated seed oil were equally effective in reducing johnsongrass regrowth when applied after seedhead emergence. Improved control of vegetative johnsongrass with some adjuvants was not reflected in decreased regrowth.

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“…The longer time was required in the field study due to a slight rainfall around 3 h after asulam application. Bruff et al (1995) reported that rhizomatous johnsongrass control of 80, 69 and 69% was obtained in field studies when rainfall occurred 20, 14 and 8 h after asulam application, respectively. It was also assumed that asulam activities were slow in controlling the weed due to lower temperature (Hoagland 1996; Guttieri & Eberlein 1997; Tapia et al 1997).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application timing of asulam for torpedograss (Panicum repens L.) control in sugarcane in Okinawa island

Kuramochi

Ishimine

Akamine

2001

Weed Biology and Management

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Field and glasshouse experiments were conducted from 1995 through 1996 to evaluate application timing of asulam (methyl sulfanilylcarbamate) for torpedograss (Panicum repens L.) control in relation to plant age in sugarcane. Above-ground shoots of torpedograss were completely controlled with asulam at 2-4 kg active ingredient (a.i.) ha -1 applied 60 or 80 days after planting (DAP) in artificially infested pots. But some newly developed rhizome buds survived after asulam application resulting in 1-25 and 76-100% or more regrowth in 60 and 80 DAP-applied pots, respectively.Whereas the herbicide at 2-4 kg a.i. ha -1 applied within 60 DAP completely controlled above-ground shoots, applied 80 DAP at 2 kg a.i. ha -1 it did not completely control the weed in the artificially infested field. Regrowth levels were 1-25 and 76-100% or more in 60 and 80 DAP-applied plots, respectively. Asulam at 2-3 kg a.i. ha -1 applied 20, 40, 60 or 80 DAP in a naturally infested field completely controlled aboveground shoots and regrowth levels were 76-100 or more, 51-75, 1-25 and 26-50% in these same DAP applied plots, respectively. The herbicide applied at 4 kg a.i. ha -1 caused chlorosis on younger sugarcane leaves (one-leaf stage), but when applied at 2-3 kg a.i. ha -1 , no injury symptoms were shown. The herbicide at 2-4 kg a.i. ha -1 applied within 60 DAP resulted in remarkably higher yield and shoot biomass of sugarcane than that applied 80 DAP.This study suggested that asulam at 2-3 kg a.i. ha -1 should be applied 60 days after planting for the maximum control of torpedograss regrowth and better yield of sugarcane. This study also indicated that torpedograss cannot be completely controlled with a single application of asulam in a naturally infested field because of rhizome fragmentation by cross plowing and distribution of rhizomes into different soil layers that require different times to emerge. The shoots emerging after asulam application could not be controlled. Another study is required to determine the interval between sequential applications of asulam for better control of torpedograss in a naturally infested field.

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Influence of Rainfree Period After Asulam Application on Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense)Control

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Control of Rhizome Johnsongrass (Sorghum Halepense) in Sugarcane with Trifloxysulfuron and Asulam

Control of Rhizome Johnsongrass (Sorghum Halepense) in Sugarcane with Trifloxysulfuron and Asulam

Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) Control and Rainfastness with Glyphosate and Adjuvants

Application timing of asulam for torpedograss (Panicum repens L.) control in sugarcane in Okinawa island

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