Influence of pyrolytic carbon black and pyrolytic oil made from used tires on the curing and (dynamic) mechanical properties of natural rubber (NR)/styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) blends

Abstract

Abstract. Pyrolytic carbon black (CBp) and pyrolytic oil (Op) made from used tires were used in natural rubber (NR)/ styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) blends. The effects of CBp and Op on the processing properties, the mechanical properties and the dynamic mechanical properties of the NR/SBR blends were investigated and compared with a control sample that was prepared with N550 and commercial process oil. It was found that the effect of CBp on the processing properties of the NR/SBR blends was similar to that of N550. With the increase of the CBp content, the curing properties of the NR/SBR blends changed little. The reinforcing effect of CBp was inferior to that of N550. With the increase of the CBp content, the tensile strength, tear strength and modulus at 100% elongation of the NR/SBR vulcanizates decreased significantly. Dynamic mechanical properties of the NR/SBR blends were also affected and all samples comprising CBp have a higher tan ! than control sample. It is suggested that the low surface area and high ash content of CBp strongly effects all of these property changes of the NR/SBR blends. The morphology and distribution of the carbon black particles are studied using a scanning electron microscope. It was also found that with the increase of the Op content, the properties of the NR/SBR blends were strongly affected due to the high sulfur content of Op, which produced a high crosslinking density.

Structure and properties of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) with pyrolytic and industrial carbon black

“…The former is usually used in a closed loop as fuel to maintain the pyrolysis process. Pyrolytic oil with and without further purification may also have commercial value, even as extender oil for rubbers [10]. pCB itself may be considered as a "green" (i.e.…”

Comparative Properties of Styrene-Butadiene Rubbers (SBR) Containing Pyrolytic Carbon Black, Conventional Carbon Black, and Organoclay

“…Volatile or oily by-products can be used to as feedstock of the pyrolysis itself. Attempts have also been made to use the pyrolysis oil as an extender for rubber mixes [9]. The pyrolytic residue is composed of the original carbon black (CB), carbonaceous deposits and inorganic compounding fillers and vulcanizations aids (such as SiO2 and ZnO, respectively) including their processing-related derivatives (ZnO transformed to ZnS).…”

“…Further, SBR should always be filled/reinforced due to the poor mechanical properties of the parent gum vulcanizate. This is the reason why the potential of pCB has mostly been checked in SBR- [11,[13][14], and SBR/NR-based [9][10] mixes. A further aim was to check whether partial replacement of the dual black fillers (reduced to an overall amount 50 phr, pCB/CB=1/1) with organophilic modified clay (organoclay, added in 10 phr) can improve the properties of SBR.…”

Assessment of Recovered Carbon Black Obtained by Waste Tires Steam Water Thermolysis: An Industrial Application

“…According to ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standard classification, such results suggest a reinforcing potential close to N300 rubber-grade carbon blacks. Several studies using rCBs as partial or total virgin carbon black substitutes have been carried out to evaluate and investigate their reinforcing potential in rubber compounds such as NR/SBR blends [20,21], SBR [19,22,23] or EPDM [24]. The results obtained for the mechanical behavior of these vulcanized rubbers have been inferior to what was expected by physical and chemical characterizations following ASTM analytical standards.…”